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A royal decree in 1804 ordered imperial officials to confiscate certain church assets and place them at the disposal of the crown.
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Napoleon invaded Spain and forced Ferdinand VII to abdicate the Spanish throne in favor of his brother Joseph.
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Padre Miguel Hidalgo believed in elightenment ideas and he did not agree with the way they were ruled.
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Padre Miguel Hidalgo gathers with the peasants in his church to organize the first rebelion. This was called the grito de dolores.
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Hidalgo and his army went to Mexico City to fight and were defeated.
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The rebels decide to follow the strong leader Padre Jose Maria Morelos.
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Morelos leads the revolution for four years and in 1815 gets defeated by the creole officer Agustin de Iturbide.
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While defending the escape of the government from loyalist attack, Morelo was captured and executed. This caused a series of local revolts and guerrilla actions that did not seriously threaten royal authority in Mexico until 1820.
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An army that assembled in Cádiz for an attempt to reconquer Argentina sparked rebellion among other army units throughout Spain.
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The rebellious military forced the king Ferdinand to restore the Constitution of 1812.
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Spain puts a liberal group in power.
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Creoles start fearing their lost of rights.
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Agustin de Iturbide, who had beaten them before, joined the fight for independence.
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Agustin de Iturbide and Vicente R. Guerrero proposed a blueprint for independence called the Plan de Iguala. It offered three guarantees: preservation of the Catholic Church's status, the independence of Mexico as a constitutional monarchy, and equality of Spaniards and criollos.
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Juan O'Donoju arrived to take over the reins of colonial government but the loyalists controlled only Mexico City and Veracruz.
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O'Donoju met with Iturbide at the town of Córdoba where he signed a treaty granting Mexico independence.
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The Mexican Empire became a federal republic due to internal conflicts and the separation of Central America.
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The first attempts involved the defense of Mexico's territorial waters
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Mexico attempts an expansion plan to take the Spanish island of Cuba.
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General Isidro Barradas landed on Mexican land with the goal of reconquering Mexican territory.
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Although the Spanish never regained control of the country they did damage Mexican economy.
