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Emperor Constantine rebuilt he city of Byzantium and named it after himself. This city would connect Asia and Europe. It would also be a center for trade.
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This is when the Byzantine armies re conquered North Africa, Italy, and the Southern Iberian Peninsula. This conquering left their resources depleted, causing massive attacks from the east to succeed in the many years to come. They would still exist for quite some time, but not forever.
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The Byzantine people assaulted the palace and destroyed and burned property. The fires ended up destroying much of the city. The rioters were eventually killed by a plan made by Justinian.
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Justinian rebuilt this church that had been left to rubble in the nika riots. He made it much more expansive than before. It was made with arched domes and colored marble.
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Emperor Basil II gathered a 30,000 man army to take Bulgaria, aiming for the city Sofia. He won the battle, but in his return he was ambushed and defeated, while still surviving. The next time he tried to take Bulgaria, 16 years later, he took little bits of the country at a time, and eventually forced the Bulgarians to Basil's rule.
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The Turks converted to Islam, and proceeded to take land in Asia Minor away from the Byzantine. This put their power over the Holy Land, where Jesus was believed to have lived and preached. This disrupted christians trying to get to the Holy Land. It also threatened the very existence of the Byzanites, as they were being surrounded.
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The Christian Church split into two groups: the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church. The eastern church rejected that the popes in Rome had papal supremacy. All centers of power in both churches saw each other as rivals.
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Although Pope Urban was coming to assist Alexios, he suddenly changed their primary goal in the region. To reconquer the Holy Land from the Muslims. Many christians came to aid in this goal, from all over Western Europe. The recapture of Jerusalem was a success.
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During this crusade, the crusaders were diverted from fighting the muslims into fighting other christians. They helped the people of Venice defeat the Byzantine trade rivals. They then followed that by capturing and looting Constantinople.
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The Ottoman Turks were easily able to take over Constantinople after the crusaders had captured and looted the city. The Turks slowly killed off the crusaders, taking all of the land for themselves. This event ended the Byzantine people.
