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Hagia Sophia also known as the Church of Holy Wisdom was built as a Constantinople with a large dome on top held by pendentives. The Constantinople was ordered to be built by Constantine I but soon after it was built a riot took place and damaging it, but it was rebuilt bigger and better.
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The Turks took over Jerusalem, and the Christians were barred at the Holy Land. After that the Turks then threatened to take Constantinople, so then Alexios I made an appeal to Pope Urban for help. pope Urban then united Christian Europe as they battled to get the Holy Land back.
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The Forth Crusade was meant to be an attack to conquer Muslim-controlled Jerusalem, but then the Crusaders switched and attacked the Christian city Constantinople. The attack was a big impact of the decline of the Empire.