-
2000 BCE
Appearance of the Tartessians
It was the first kingdom to appear in the Iberian Peninsula, it was quite prosperous -
800 BCE
Creation of Gadir (Cádiz)
It was a city of the Phoenicians and the oldest in Europe -
500 BCE
Disappearance of the Tartessos
They disappeared without a trace -
Period: 264 BCE to 241 BCE
First Punic War
It was a war in which Carthaginians and Romans fought, leaving the Romans as the victors. -
Period: 218 BCE to 19 BCE
Conquest of the Iberian Peninsula by the Romans
This period began with the Second Punic War and ended with the Asturian-Leonese wars. -
200
The Roman crisis
The bigining in the fall of the western Roman empire -
380
Christianity as the official religion in rome
Theodosius I established it as the official religion of the empire -
410
The fall of the Roman Empire
The Roman Empire is defeated by the Visigoths. -
476
The fall of the western Roman empire
The last emperor fell and the Western Roman Empire disappeared. -
631
Unification of the peninsula by the Visigoths
Suintilla unified the Iberian peninsula into one territory -
711
Beginning of the Muslim conquest of the peninsula
Started in the batle of Guadalete -
718
Birth of the Astur kingdom
Pelayo flees to the cantabrian mountains where he becomes the leader of the rebels -
722
End of the Muslim conquest
It happen in the batle of covadonga -
Period: 722 to 1492
The reconquista
Period in which the cristian survivors of the conquest and their muslim descendants, snatch the conquered land -
Period: 929 to 1031
Califato of Cordoba
When Abderramán 3º becomes Caliph -
1050
Creation of the Toledo school of translators
By Alfonso X the wise, it was created for communication between the three cultures of the peninsula -
1212
Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa
It was the battle that got the Christian domain -
1273
Creation of the honored council of the mesta
It was created by Alfonso X the wise man, he was in charge of the rights of farmers -
1468
Treaty of Toros de Guisando
Enrique IV name Isabel II future queen of Castilla -
Oct 19, 1469
The marriage of the Catholic kings
The Catholic kings Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabel of Castile marry -
Sep 4, 1479
Treaty of Alcacovas-Toledo
Isabella and Ferdinand finish becoming kings of Castile and the problem with Joan ends. -
Jan 2, 1492
Fall of the Muslims and their expulsion
It takes place in Granada against Boabdil -
Apr 17, 1492
Capitulaciones de Santa Fe
Is a document in which are written the agreements reached with Christopher Columbus where the expedition by the sea to the west was planned. -
Sep 3, 1492
Exit from Palos
Cristóbal Colón left Palos (Huelva) to go to América. -
1520
Sad Night
It was the flight from the city of Tenochtitlan, starring the Spanish conquerors and Hernan Cortez -
1521
Fundation of the city of New México.
Hernán Cortés win the war with Moctezuma and create the city of New México. -
1533
Cuzco ocupation
Francisco Pizarro conquet the capital of Inca Empire -
Jan 18, 1533
Foundation of the city Los Reyes / Lima
Francisco Pizarro fouunded the city of Los Reyes now called Lima -
1561
Madrid become the capital
Felipe 2 established the capital of Spain in Madrid -
1571
The Battle of Lepanto
It was a naval Battle Next top the greec City of Náfpactos -
Publishes Don Quijote
Cervantes publishes Don Quijote in 1605. He unfolds his work in a period of special splendor of the language Castilian. Two fictional characters join the Spanish collective imagination of the Golden Age: Don Quijote and Sancho panza . They lack literary antecedents and transcend the symbolic to live the universal and elevate the novel to areas unexplored -
the expulsion of the Moors
The isolation in their communities, the persistence of their customs, popular rejection, their high demographic growth and the suspicions of his permanent contact with the Barbary pirates were exacerbating the hatred and preparing the decision to expel him. It was necessary to organize a huge naval operation to transport more than 270,000 Moriscos to North Africa A measure with serious demographic and economic consequences. -
Death of Felipe III
In 1621 Felipe III died and the Twelve Years Truce ended. Spain resumed the war against the dutch -
Riot broke of Evora
In 1634 a riot broke out in Évora, which was quickly repressed, this was the first indication of the separation of Spain and Portugal -
Pact Holland x France
the France of Luis XIII signed a pact with Holland and declared war on the Hispanic monarchy. The balance was already clearly leaning on the side of France and the conflicts contributed to this inmates of Catalonia and Portugal. -
The reapera revolt
June 12, 1640, the reapers, who traditionally went to Barcelona on the occasion of that party, they started the revolt, probably instigated. The viceroy's palace was stormed, and that dragged through the streets and murdered. The city for several hours was in the hands of the mobs. -
The Lisbon uprisin
On December 1, 1640, the Lisbon uprising took place, that there was no longer any way to to dominate. This meant the separation of Portugal -
Death of Velázquez
The greatest pintor Diego de Silva y
Velázquez who paint "las meninas" y " las hilanderas", died 1660 -
Death of Carlos II
He will be the last king of the House of Austria in Spain. His reign was characterized by the lack of a good government and the harassment from outside powers. The France of Louis XIV and the European courts awaited his death to divide his inheritance. There were two candidates with family ties: Felipe de Borbón, Duke of Anjou, a French candidate, and Archduke Carlos de Austria, Austrian candidate. -
The bigining of the sucesion war
Carlo II's will designated as successor to the Bourbon candidate, who was proclaimed king under the name of Philip V, and was sworn in before the Cortes in 1701. Thus ended the Habsburg dynasty and the Bourbon dynasty came to the Spanish throne. This appointment caused a serious conflict in the balance of power , Great Britain, Holland and Portugal gave their support to the Austrian candidate and entered the war against France and Spain. In this way the succession to the throne became a war -
England seized Gibraltar
In 1704, an English squadron seized of the Rock of Gibraltar. -
Death of the Austria Emperor
But in 1711 an event changed the course of events: on April 17 the Emperor of Austria died, José I, brother of Archduke Carlos who came to occupy the throne. So the danger to the European balance he was a Habsburg on the throne of two such important kingdoms. English and Dutch showed interest in end the war and recognize Felipe V as Spanish monarch. -
Treaty of Utrecht
Felipe V was recognized by the European powers as King of Spain, but he renounced any possible
right to the French crown.
The Spanish Netherlands and the Italian territories (Milan, Naples and Sardinia) passed to Austria. the kingdom of
Savoy annexed the island of Sicily.
England obtained Gibraltar, Menorca and the permit ship (limited right to trade with the Indies
Spanish) and the black seat (permission to trade with slaves in the Indies). -
The First Family Pact
In 1733 the War of the Polish Succession broke out. Spain and France fought together against Austria,
signing the First Family Pact (1733). Spain attacked in Naples, territory then of Austria. At the end of the
war, the son of Isabel de Farnesio, the infante Carlos, became king of Naples and Sicily. -
the Concordat of 1753
During the reign of Ferdinand 7 the Concordat of 1753 , was signed with Rome. Through it, the Crown obtained the appointment
of all the important ecclesiastical positions of the Church in Spain. In turn, part of the income of the Church
Spanish, who left for Rome, now stayed here. -
the Third Family Pact
At the beginning of the reign of Carlos III, the Seven Years' War was still open; Great Britain had been defeating France. Spain, however, decided to join it by signing the Third Family Pact with France . was looking for the
recovery of Gibraltar and Menorca but it was not possible. The English also prevailed over Spain. -
Esquilache Mutiny
When Carlos III becomes king of Spain, he brings with him Italian ministers, including Esquilache, who led a broad program of reforms. In the town of Madrid. In Madrid he introduced a measure,
very unpopular, such as changing the way of dressing, with wide hats and long capes. It was thought that dressing thus it served to cover up the malefactors. The people of Madrid rebelled against the minister and his decrees -
the Bank of St. Carlos
The income of the Treasury had been increasing, but when the government expanded its expenses, it decided to issue public debt ("real vouchers"). To ensure this operation, the Banco de San Carlos (origin of the current Bank of Spain) was created in 1782, in charge of to pay the interest on the vouchers and their amortization. -
the Treaty of San Ildefonso
Spain
became an ally of France again and entered the war against England. At that time the main Spanish contribution was her navy. The war caused the English maritime blockade and the paralysis of foreign trade. -
The Riot of Aranjuez
The supporters of Fernando VII atack the King Carlos IV, and he abdicate on her son -
The bigining independence war
The spanish people defend the kindong from the invaders french -
The first Constitucion
The constitución was promulgated in Cadiz -
The end of the independence war
It's end with the Valancai traty -
The bigining of the first Carlistas War
The Carlistas VS the Isasbelinos -
The Mendizábal's confidcation
It was a reform to help with the crisis in the real taxi Office -
The bigining of the Moderate decade
The moderates enter un the goberment -
The Moderate construcción
It Was constitucion with the moderate ideas -
Independence insurrection in Cuba
The rebels published an independence proclamation,
extolled with Yara's well-known screen: "Free Cuba!" -
The exile of Isabel II
Isabel II escaped of Spain -
The constitucion of 1869
The costitucion, with National sovereignty and new rights -
Amadeo I de Saboya
the Cortes appoint Amadeo de Saboya as King of Spain. -
The eginning of the first republic
It was proclaimed by the Cortes as an emergency solution after the abdication of Amadeo -
The end of the first republic
By the coup d'etat of General Pavia (January 1874) that
with forces of the Civil Guard he dissolved the Constituent Cortes, this end the First Republic. -
Statement by General Martínez Campos
THis statement name AlfonsoXII the new king -
CONSTITUTION OF 1876
The sovereignty was shared between the Cortes and the Crown, and new rights -
The Peace of Zanjon
The end to the Ten Years War -
third carlist war
Was fought in the Vasque Country, Navarra, Catalonia and the
Mastership. -
The bigining of independence in Cuba
Bigins with the Cry of Baire. -
The peace with the rebels of Emilio aginaldo
Peace, after many efforts, seemed assured. -
the assassination of Canovas
Its a mistery, no one knws what happens -
Treaty of Paris
The Spanish-American War, also known as the Hundred Days War, ended with the
capitulation of Spain in August 1898 and the signing of the Treaty of Paris in December of that same year. -
the blowing up of the battleship maine
The Americans took advantage of the blowing up of the battleship Maine (February 15, 1898, for unknown reasons) to give an ultimatum and demand the Spanish renunciation of Cuban sovereignty, a step prior to declaring the war to Spain. -
the military pronouncement of 1923
The restoration regimen ends with the military pronouncement of 1923 -
Bigining of the Military Directory
The first period of the dictatorship -
Creation of the politic party "Union Patriota"
A party of the regime, the Patriotic Union, created in 1924, whose motto was: "Religion, homeland and monarchy" -
The landing of Alhucemas
In collaboration with France, the landing of Alhucemas was organized (1925), which ended with great success. After several defeats, Abd-el-Krim surrendered, surrendering to the French troops. In 1927, the Spanish army gave ending the effective occupation of the entire protectorate in Morocco -
Bigining of the Civil Directory
The second period of the dictatorship -
End of the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera
Primo de Rivera resigned in January 1930. Alfonso XIII orders the formation of a government to General Berenguer -
Proclamation of the second republic
On April 14, 1931, the Revolutionary Committee became the Provisional Government, proclaiming the Second Republic -
Anticlericalism of the 11 of May
Most atrocious anticlericalism: uncontrolled groups set fire to churches, convents and religious schools -
Arrival at the gates of Madrid
General Mola and General Franco arrive to The gates of Madrid and bigin his attack -
Beginning of THE REFORMIST BIENNIUM
Niceto Alcalá Zamora, elected President of the Republic by the Cortes, sent Manuel Azaña preside over a republican-socialist government, which undertook the reforms initiated by the Provisional Government to dismantle traditional structures and impose the values of democracy -
Start of THE RIGHT-WING BIENNIUM
The abstention promoted by the anarchists and the division of the left facilitated the victory of the center-right parties. -
The “Alzamiento Nacional”
The pronouncement of 17 and 18 July 1936 against the Popular Front Government, that led to the Civil War. -
Bombed Guernica
on 26 April 1937 the Condor Legion bombed Guernica -
The battle of the Ebro
The battle of the Ebro, the bloodiest (100,000 casualties on both sides) and long (July- November 1938) of the entire war, until Franco managed to break the republican front -
Republican General Casado staged a coup and created a Defense Board
In Madrid, on March 5, 1939 Republican General Casado staged a coup and created a Defense Board, made up of socialists, anarchists and republicans, with the intention of negotiating the end of the war with Franco. -
the Nationalist troops enter Madrid.
Franco only accepts unconditional surrender and on March 28, the Nationalist troops enter Madrid. -
Beginning of the "Fase totalitaria"
In which we initially distinguished a predominance of Falange (Blue Stage: 1939-1945) until Franco gives more prominence to the Catholics of the ACNP (Stage of National Catholicism: 1945-1957). The first phase was characterized by the decline economic, ideological involution and the hardness of the repression. -
The end of the second republic
The end of the civil war end the second republic -
Beginning of the "Fase tecnocrática"
Franco appointed Opus Dei technocratic ministers in 1957 that approved in 1959 a Stabilization Plan that laid the foundations for a modernization of the economy, which would continue with the Development Plans5 in the 1960s -
Beginning of the Regime decomposition phase
Franco, physically impaired, delegated the Head of Government in his trusted man, Admiral Carrero Blanco, and they are appearing signs of decomposition of the regime: the distancing from the Church, the mobilizing capacity of the opposition, and, above all, the tensions within the regime between hardliners and openers. -
The Dead of Franco
Franco died on November 20, 1975. Two days later he was proclaimed King of Spain, Mr. Juan Carlos de Bourbon. The transition begins with the Law for Political Reform -
Law Para la reforma política
The law which become the bigining of the Hispanis transicion, the most inportan law in the transicion. -
Legalization of political parties
legalization of political parties, in 1977 the creation of political parties is allowed -
Legalization of unions
Legalization of unions, in 1977 the creation of unions is allowed -
Democratic elections
The first democratic elections in 40 years -
Adolfo Suárez appointed President
Adolfo Suárez appointed President of the Government by the King -
Coup d'etat of Tejero
The coup, led by Antonio Tejero, lieutenant colonel of the Civil Guard, and Milans del Bosch, captain general of Valencia, consisted of the occupation of the Congress of Deputies by the former and the declaration of the State of exception and taking the troops out to the Valencian streets the second. His goal was to re-establish a military dictatorship that would put an end to democracy, but it failed due to the lack of social support and the king's attitude -
The PSOE won the elections
In the October 1982 elections, the PSOE won the elections by an absolute majority, with its leader, Felipe González Márquez, reaching the presidency of the government. This result will be revalidated in the subsequent elections of 1986 and 1989. -
European Economic Community
On June 12, 1985, the Accession Treaty was signed in Madrid and the effective integration of Spain into the European Economic Community took place on January 1, 1986. -
The first government of José María Aznar
During the first legislature, the PP did not obtain an absolute majority, so it had to govern with the support of the nationalist formations (CIU, PNV, Canarian Coalition), which forced it to maintain a centrist orientation. -
Euro
In 1998 Spain joined the countries that adopted the euro as the single currency.