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1054 BCE
The Great Schism
Christians in East Europe, Russia, and Greece denied authority of the Pope and created the Christian Eastern Orthodox. This division still exists today. (lyjack01, https://www.timetoast.com/timelines/history-of-christianity-in-europe) -
972 BCE
Christening of the ruler of Hungary
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966 BCE
Christening of the ruler of Poland
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496 BCE
Christening of European rulers
In the West the King of Franks, Clovis, was baptised -
476 BCE
Fall of Roman Empire
The fall of the Roman Empire caused, among other things, by the raids of the ‘europeanising’ Barbarians, as well as such events as the invasions of the Muslims from the South, led to the shift of the territory of Europe, still being in the state of formation, from the Mediterranean towards the present centre of the continent, and later also towards Scandinavia and Eastern and Central Europe -
Period: 476 BCE to 1450
The Middle Ages
The Middle Ages were not only a period of regional fragmentation and civilisational backwardness, as a matter of fact, mediaeval Europe achieved, in a certain sense, a state of unity -
1453
The Fall of Constantinople
The Byzantine Empire enriched the Western European culture being one of the sources of European identity and also extended the role of Christianity later on -
Geographical ends of Europe
The eastern borders of Europe were delimited arbitrarily as late as the 18th century, along the Ural Mountains and the Caucasus, and the south-eastern limits of the continent on the Bosphorus. -
Period: to
Formation of European nation-states
It is widely known that European nation-states started to form quite late, from the 18th–19th century onwards. Only then did they start to control the movement of people across their borders, which had earlier encountered practically no barriers, even during armed conflicts. -
Period: to
Crusades
The knights engaged in various projects, which were justified by religion, but in fact were political in nature – a classic example of such a project are the crusades, which were undertaken not only to liberate the Holy Land, but also to conquer pagan lands in Eastern Europe -
European Union
It constitutes the foundation for the whole edifice of European unity. -
Defing the shape of Europe
In present times, the most important factor defining the shape of Europe is the functioning of the integration structures, in particular of the European Union