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The Roman Empire grew too large for it to be governed under one ruler, so Diocletian split the empire into two halves, with the western half being ruled by Rome and the Eastern half being ruled by Constantinople.
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Rome is deemed too large to be ruled under one emperor. Diocletian decides to split the empire into two halves with the western half being ruled under Rome and the eastern half being ruled by Constantinople.
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The edict of milan was decreed by Constantine and proclaimed that Christianity was accepted by the Roman government and Christians can no longer be persecuted
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The Nicene Creed was issued by the Council of Nicea and set the orthodoxy of the Christian Church. It denounced the heresies that were also around during that time.
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Western Rome fell after the Germanic Tribes such as the Visigoths and the Gauls attacked. They attacked because they were displeased with the current treatment they were getting from the Romans.
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The construction of the walls surrounding Constantinople established it as the center of the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire)
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Clovis united all of Gaul, creating the Merovingian Kingdom. Upon his death, the reign of his kingdom was passed down to his four sons.
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Justinian and his wife Theodora, became the rulers of the Byzantine Empire. Under his rule, the Justinian code was established, which served as a set of laws for a long time.
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The Hagia Sophia was a religious center constructed in Constantinople. It was originally a Christian Church, but was later converted into a mosque as Islam spread.
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Ali's murder created the split between Sunnis and Shiites, since the two had their own view on Ali, with one favoring him and the other not, causing the two branch away from each other.
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The prophet Muhammed and the Muslims conquered Mecca, converting it into a center for Islam
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The Carolingian Dynasty was founded by Charles Martel and was carried by his descendants such as Pepin The Short and Charlemagne. Charlemagne was the most famous of the Carolingians and was even crowned Emperor of Holy Rome by Pope Leo. When conquering Italy, Charlemagne signed a treaty with the Duke of Spoleto that gave him power despite Byzantium's presence there. Charlemagne even had contact with Harun Al-Rashid, who was an acquaintance of his that gave him gifts.
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The Ummayad Empire was the second of four caliphates. It was unique because it was secular and allowed Christian and Jewish sects to maintain their respective power. The Umayyad Empire tried to expand into Europe, but their defeat against Charles Martel and the Frankish Kingdom in the battle of tours caused them to retreat.
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The Abbasid Empire was the third caliphate. It was founded by Muhammed's youngest uncle. It was significant because it moved the capitol to Baghdad from Damascus.
