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Henry VIII's reign was a significant period in English history, know for his political and religious reforms.
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They were a series of statement written by Martin Luther that criticized the practices of the Catholic Church in the 16th century. This text would later become the foundation of the Protestant reformation. Martin Luther was excommunicated in 1521. https://afkimel.files.wordpress.com/2020/03/martin-luther-95-theses.jpg -
This act declared Henry VIII to be the supreme head of the Church of England. This act marked a significant break from the authority of the Pope in Rome. https://pbs.twimg.com/media/B-2_sfOWsAAWHPA.jpg -
Edward VI was the son of Henry VIII and ruled as the King of England from 1547 until his death in 1553.
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She was the daughter of Henry VIII and ruled England from 1553 to 1558. Her persecution of Protestants causes her to frequently refer to 'Bloody Mary'.
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Also known as the 'Virgin Queen', ruled England from 1558 to 1603. When she reigned, there was a period of great cultural and artistic growth known as the Elizabethan era.
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Elizabeth I revived the anti-papal statutes of Henry VIII and declared herself Supreme Governor of the English Church. https://dryuc24b85zbr.cloudfront.net/tes/resources/12568829/image?width=500&height=500&version=1630172142187 -
It was a conspiracy in 1586 to assassinate the Queen Elizabeth I and put Mary, Queen of Scots, on the throne. The plot was discovered, and Mary was ultimately found guilty of treason and executed in 1587.
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The invincible Armada was defeated by the English naval force. The defeat of the Spanish Armada was a significant victory for England and it marked the beginning of England's rise as a naval power.The Queen gave the Tilbury Speech the same day. https://d3d00swyhr67nd.cloudfront.net/w1200h1200/collection/NMM/NMMG/NMM_NMMG_BHC0264-001.jpg -
Son of Mary, Queen of Scots, he became King of England in 1603 and King of Scots in 1567. His reign marked the beginning of the Stuart dynasty in England and Scotland. He is often remembered for his effort to unite the kingdom of England and Scotland.
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It is an assassination attempt against King James I of England in 1605. By a group of conspirators, led by Guy Fawkes, that planned to blow up the House of Lords. https://cdn.images.express.co.uk/img/dynamic/141/590x/Conspirator-Guy-Fawkes-1570-1606-attempts-to-plant-gunpowder-in-the-cellar-of-the-Palace-of-Westminster-531458.jpg?r=1686998680160 -
Son of James I and became King of England, Scotland and Ireland in 1625. Multiple political and religious tensions resulted from his belief in the divine right of kings and his attempt to rule without Parliament's consent.
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The Grand Remonstrance was a document presented to King Charles I by Parliament in 1641. It listed their concerns about the king's policies and actions. This document led to increased tensions between the royalists and parliamentarians and to the outbreak of the English Civil War in 1642. https://cuphistory.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/grand-remonstrance.jpg -
The English Civil War was a major conflict that took place in England from 1642 to 1649. It was between the Royalists/Cavaliers, and the Parliamentarians. The Parliamentarians eventually won, resulting in the execution of King James I and the establishment of the Commonwealth of England.
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At that period, England had no monarch, it was governed by the Commonwealth led by Lord Protector (Olivier Cromwell). After Cromwell's death in 1658, the monarchy was restored with Charles II in 1660.
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From 1653 to 1658, Cromwell ruled as a military dictator. He implemented policies, religious tolerance and promoted Puritans values. https://www.rmg.co.uk/sites/default/files/styles/max_width_1440/public/BHC2638.jpg?itok=1q6jIX6t -
The monarchy was restored in England with the ascension of Charles II on the throne. This period revived the arts, culture and entertainment that was suppressed by the Commonwealth. But Charles II had to face many issues such as the second Anglo-Dutch War, the Plague in 1665 and the Great fire of London 1666.
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The Popish Plot of 1678 was commanded by the French in order to kill Charles II and bring his Catholic brother, King James II to the throne.The expulsion crisis lasted from 1679 to 1681, the parliament wanted to debate James II from the succession. so Charles II dissolved the parliament with the support of the Tories against the Whig.
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In 1688 William of Orange and his wife Mary were invited by Parliament to invade England. It is known as 'Glorious' because it was bloodless and the transfer of power was made peacefully. In 1689 William III ascended to the throne after the Glorious revolution. He shifted the kingdom into a constitutional monarchy and agreed to the Bill of Rights. https://limerickwriter.files.wordpress.com/2011/11/glorious-revolution.jpg -
The Act of Settlement was passed by Parliament to settle the succession to the English and Irish thrones. It ensured a Protestant succession and that only Protestant succession could inherit the throne. https://www.hannover.de/var/storage/images/_aliases/image_full/media/01-data-neu/bilder/landeshauptstadt-hannover/kultur-freizeit/historisches-museum/brief-und-siegel/act-of-settlement-1701/10920418-2-ger-DE/Act-of-Settlement-1701.jpg -
After William III death in 1702, since he and Mary had no heir the throne passed to the last Stuart, Anne Stuart, the sister of Mary. She reigned from 1702 to 1714. Then George I who belonged to the House of Hanover succeeded her in 1714. Which marked the beginning of the Hanoverian dynasty in Britain. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/King_William_III_of_England%2C_%281650-1702%29.jpg/800px-King_William_III_of_England%2C_%281650-1702%29.jpg -
The Act of union united the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland into a single kingdom called Kingdom of Great Britain. https://www.skyminds.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/07/act-of-union-1707.jpg -
This Act merged the Kingdom of Great Britain with the Kingdom of Ireland from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. These acts unified the nation and strengthen British influence internationally. https://tmg110.tripod.com/uj1.gif
