Britania

Celts

325 BCE

Towards the year 325 a. C. the Greek navigator Piteas explored almost the entire coastline of the island and wrote a fairly detailed description of its geography and inhabitants. It is in the year 43 d. C. when Britain really enters History, after the arrival of the Romans.

Caesar's domination

44 BCE

Julius Caesar (Jojo reference?) (Iulius Cæsar, in Latin) made two expeditions to the island in the 55s. C. and 54 a. C., defeating King Casivellauno (or Cassivellaunus), but without consolidating the raid and without ever dominating the islanders, since the revolts in Gaul and the pressures of Pompey and Crassus forced him to return to the continent. Several British tribes pledged to swear fidelity to the Empire of Rome and pay tribute.

What is it?

43

Roman Britain (Latin: Britannia or, later, Britanniae, "the Britains") was the area of the island of Great Britain that was governed by the Roman Empire, from 43 to 410 dc.

Claudio and the conquest

43

It was almost a century later, in the year 43, Emperor Claudius organized an invasion with his general Aulo Plaucio at the head of the invading force, which had four legions. Historians disagree about the motives that prompted the emperor to undertake the conquest although many claim that it led him to desire fame and good reputation among the Romans. The formal excuse to start the conquest was in the request for help from King Verica.

Boudica's Rebellion

60

However, between the years 60 and 61, the rebellion of the icenios broke out, under the command of her queen Boudica (Budicca or Boudicca), dissatisfied with the annexation of their territories by the Romans and personally dissatisfied this queen because when her husband died , King Prasutago, his will was breached by attributing all his property to the Empire, including those reserved for the king's family.

The walls of Adriano and Antonino.

115

In the year 115, the Celtic tribes of the territories of the current county of York revolted against the Romans and defeated the military garrisons that had been protecting the territory and that were located in Eboracum, present-day York. Seven years later, in 122, the Roman emperor Hadrian traveled to Britain and had a wall built that was 117 km long, crossing the island from west to east from the Solway Fjord.

Calleva

410

The city of Calleva (now Silchester, west of London, south of the island) was the capital of a native state, ruled by the British king Cogidubnus who gave vassalage to Rome in the years of the conquest of Claudius. It was a fairly large rural city, with grid-lane, walled streets and large buildings typical of any Roman city: forum, temples, hot springs, basilicas and a large amphitheater located outside the walls

Aquae Sulis

410

The ancient Aquae Sulis of the Romans (the current Bath) is located west of Silchester, very close to the sea. It was founded in the time of the Flavios as a settlement of hot springs, which gave it fame and prosperity throughout the first century until the current time when it has recently been necessary to close the facilities because of some water pollution.

Londonium

410

The current city of London was founded by the Romans in a region inhabited since ancient times, taking advantage of the proximity of the River Thames just where the tides did not reach. The Romans built the city near a small Celtic site called Llyn Din (lake fort) and called it Londinium.

Barbarians' conquest.

412

As with the rest of Europe, barbarian invasions also affected Britain. From the coasts of the Jutland peninsula came the Germanic peoples of the Jutos (who settled in Kent and on the Isle of Wight, the so-called kingdom of Kent), along with the Anglo that colonized Northumbria (located in the current county of Northumberland ), East Anglia and Mercia (in the central region) and the Saxons who took over Londinium and settled in small kingdoms that were forming.