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Rome was created by twin brothers, Remus and Romulus. They were the sons of a Latin women and the god Mars. They started arguing where they should build their cities. Romulus killed his brother Remus during the quarrel.
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The Roman drove out the Etruscan rulers and created a republic. Laws were made by 300 the upper class called the patrician. They made up the Senate. This prevented too much power going to one person.
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Roman had conquered the peninsula. They were able to conquer so many countries because they had great soldiers. Their soldiers were made up of citizen. They were raised to value courage and loyalty and to respect authority.
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The ancient Carthage and The Roman Republic was fighting against each other. The Roman Republic won the first war. They won Sicily, Corsica, and Sardinia. The first war lasted until 241 BCE.
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The Ancient Carthage and the Roman Republic fought against each other in the second Punic War. Hanibal crossed the Alps with elephants and 100 thousand men. For 15 year Hanibal won battles but was never able to capture Rome. The Roman Attack Carthage which forces Hanibal to go back and defend it. The second Punic War lasted until 201 BCE.
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In the Third Punic war, the Roman Republic conquered Carthage. The whole city was destroyed. Then the Roman poured salt over the city so that nothing could grow. This war lasted until 146 BCE.
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The Roman conquered the whole Mediterranean. Macedonia, Greece, and parts of Asia Minor became part of the Roman provinces. The Roman Republic followed a policy of Imperialism.
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Tiberius wanted the land from the wealthy to give out to the poorer people. He wanted to reform the government because the wealthy get richer and the poor get poorer. He was murdered by members of the Roman Senate.
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Spartacus was a gladiator who led the slave uprising against the Roman Republic. He was captured and crucified by Crassus, Pompey, and Julius Caesar.
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Julius Caesar and Pompey fought against each other for the control of Rome. He won the civil war and he was feared by many other generals. He was murdered by the members in the senate.
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He became the first Roman emperor after defeating Antony and Cleopatra. He ended the republic and created a stable government. He built roads for trading, he brought peace to Rome known as "Pax Romana," and he expanded the Roman empire. He was known as a great and successful emperor.
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Jesus was born in Bethlehem near Jerusalem. He began preaching at age 30. Most of his life was unknown. He did miracles such as healing the sick and bringing people back to life. Many people start following him. He had 12 men following him called the 12 disciples. He rose from death. Many of his following spread the news about, one of them was called Paul.
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The Christians rebelled against Rome. Rome crushed the rebellion and burned the Jewish temple in Jerusalem. They completely destroyed everything. The Christian could not worship outside or in public so they worship inside their homes.
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Diocletian split the Roman Empire in half; he took one half and give the other half to Maximian. He fixed the prices on many goods and services. He took the wealthier half and Maximian took the Western side. Sons were supposed to take the job that their father had.
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Constantine was the first Roman emperor to become a Christian. As he was getting ready for a battle, he had a vision that told him that he would win. he won the battle and said that Jesus helped him. He ended the Christian persecution. He signed the edict give the citizen in Rome freedom of worship. Many people started to believe in Christian. Later the Roman empire was evaded by the Germanic, the Huns, Britain, and many other European countries. The Roman Empire falls in 476 AD.
