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Oct 12, 1492
AMERICAS DISCOVERY
Christopher Columbus and his crew arrived and discovered the new continent after years travelling by sea. The continent was named after the map designer Americo Vespucci. -
Period: Jan 1, 1519 to Jan 1, 1521
SPANISH CONQUEST
In this part of the mural we can see many Spanish soldiers fire muskets and a cannon showing superiority above the natives, they are forced to erect new colonial buildings over their old temples. Cortés on the left. -
Period: Jan 1, 1519 to Jan 1, 1521
NATIVES SIDED WITH THE SPANISH
A conquistador rapes an indian woman, that is an example of natives (Tlaxcaltecas) who sided with the spanish. below there can show inquisition in a colony. Juan de Mendoza was archbishop and a recognized religious figure was the Pedro Moya de Contreras who was the first inquisitor then the third archbishop. -
Jan 1, 1520
PREHISPANIC STAGE
This was the period of time in which the Mexican native cultures lived before the arrival of the Hispanic conquistadors. Some of these cultures were the Aztecs, Mayans, Olmecs, etc. -
PROHIBITION OF WINE SELL
Miguel Hidalgo’s response to the Spanish prohibition against growing grapes to further the Spanish sale of wine. Miguel himself trying to avoid slavery. Morelos, priest and Hidalgo´s student by his side. -
MEXICAN INDEPENDENCE
This may be the most significant movement from the whole history of our country. This independence movement was organized against the Spanish rule and oppression. The main leaders of the armed movement were Miguel Hidalgo, José María Morelos, Agustín de Iturbide, Vicente Guerrero, etc. -
TEXAS REVOLUTION
This movement consisted of a rebellion against the Mexican government organized by some of the colonists. The president during that time was Antonio López de Santa Anna, who had no choice but to sign a document in which he “sold” the territory. -
Period: to
Pastry War
The Pastry or the first French intervention was a war fought here in Mexico with the French army: Main actors: Maximiliano, Mexican army, French army, Anastacio Bustamante -
FRENCH INTERVENTION
Also known as the cake war, this conflict began in a dessert shop that belonged to France. The French were looking for any excuse to attack and obtain something from weak American countries. Both nations agreed to end the war if Mexico payed $600,000 of indemnization for the dessert shop. -
Period: to
INVASION BY THE USA
Nicolas Bravo served as interim president twice and was the general who led the troops defending Chapultepec Castle, we can see the castle at the background. In the eagle's talons it is holding the mexican symbol of war. -
Period: to
LEYES DE REFORMA
These were a series of laws that changed several things about Mexico. They promoted equality and took away many privileges from the church. The most known reforma laws are the law Juarez, law Lerdo and law Iglesias; all named after their author. -
BATTLE OF PUEBLA
This battle was a consequence of the French 2nd intervention. Nowadays the 5th of May is celebrated every year because of the victory over the French soldiers. -
THE EXECUTION OF MAXIMILIAN
Maximilian was captured in May 1867 and sentenced to death. He was executed in Cerro de Campanas with his allies Miramon and Mejia who were conservatives. In the mural we can see how the imperial eagle of the Hapsburgs flies away from Mexico toward Europe after Maximilian's death. -
Period: to
PORFIRIATO
This was a period of time in which Porfirio Diaz was the dictator of our country; this happened between 1876 and 1911. This stage in Mexican history is characterized by social disparities and development. -
Period: to
MEXICAN REVOLUTION
The left side focuses on the dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz, whose policies handed over much of the country's resources to foreign companies. In the background we can appreciate some industries indicated. Shown in a row with raised swords are Porfirio Díaz, Victoriano Huerta, and Mondragón, Minister of War. Between Diaz and Huerta is the aristocratic Limantour, lawyer and Minister of the Treasury during Diaz' presidency. -
SEP Inauguration
The Secretaria de Educacion Publica was created to promote a free laic and obligatory school education for children in the nation. Character: Jose Vasconcelos. -
Period: to
Guerra Cristera
It was a conflict between religious Christian people and the government, the government imposed an anti catholic regime and people had to run away from police and military.
Main characters: Catholic people, Mexican government. -
Tlatelolco Massacre
It was an armed conflict in La Plaza de las Tres Culturas between unhappy students and police and military forces, they were killed approximately 200 unarmed students, people say that students did not had guns in their hands and police attacked because they were nervous. Main Characters: Police and military forces, Gustavo Diaz Ordaz.
