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Literary Club
The "Literary Club", which is the group that Hidalgo and Allende was belonging to, was interested in the independence of New Spain from Spain, regardless of its club name. The conspiracy of Quereta -
Assault of Spanish
Assault made by the Spanish authorities to search the house of Epigmenio Gonzalez of Queretaro to find the evidence of conspiracy, which was leaked by postal clerk prior to enforcement of plan that Hidalgo, Allende and other conspirators made.
※Portrait is that of Epigmenio Gonzalez -
El Grito de Dolores
Miguel Hidalgo, leader of first Independen Movement, made a speech to enlighten natives and mestizos, and even criollos to make a march to Mexico City for their Independence. This speech, "El Grito de Dolores" was made at the church early morning of September 16th when he summoned parishioners earlier than usual due to the fact that conspiracy is leaked.
His early speech was due to the news of arrest to Ignacio Allende brought from Dona Josefa. -
March to Guanajuato
Accompanied by silver miners and other workers of lower classes, Hidalgo began his way to Guanajuato, where the intendant did not accept to surrender due to the fact that San Miguel, the city Hidalgo took prior to Guajajuato experienced a riot produced by those followers of Hidalgo. The primary attack was led by Juan Jose Martinez, known as El Pipila, opening the door to the city and victory. -
Monte de las Cruses
The battle occured at Monte de las Cruses on this day showed Hidalgo that victory can be brought by unskilled but massive number of soldiers. At this time, Hidalgo already had his army of eighty thousand people. This battle took place after they, Hidalgo and Allende splitted their army into two with each leaders. -
General Felix Calleja of Spain
By the fact that Hidalgo and Allende retreated their forces due to the lack of ammunition, Spanish troops gained enough time to rearrange their force. General Calleja, and his force, caught up the rebel forces easily. The conflict occcured, and even though Hidalgo and Allende was superior in terms of number of warrior, Calleja was intelligent enough as a soldier. Once the ammunition wagon was attacked, Hidalgo, Allende and others retreated their force to rearrange. This took place at Guadalajara -
Fall of the Leader of Independence
Father Miguel Hidalgo, following other leader of independence movement, executed for treason by firing squad. -
Congress of Chilpancingo and Morelos
A successor of Hidalgo, Jose Maria Morelos was a mestizo priest. Different from Hidalgo, he found guerrilla tactics more effective compared to what Hidalgo has done, and surrounded Mexico City by placing guerrilla troops in each significant spots. Along with that, he also had meeting, Congress of Cilpancingo for declaring Independence and create national constitution. He was captured in the fall(november) of 1815 and executed for treason by firing squad. -
Plan de Iguala
Agustin de Iturbide, Spanish general who went over to rebel influence analyzing that Spanish troops are inferior to that of rebellion, met with Vicente Guerrero, the leader of guerrilla, and made out Plan de Iguala to gain independence. Plan de Iguala is to bring independence to Mexico but with a crown from Spanish royals or other European royal prince. This plan appealed to conservatives also by praising Spanish -
End of 11 years war
Agustin de Iturbide entered Mexico City with an independence in his hand. His first visit was to main cathedral of zocalo. This end of independence war brought a growth to Mexico as a nation, but at the same time, the liberty allowed variety of people and groups to make conflicts.
