-
This was the last pre-Islamic Persian empire. The Empire was founded by Ardashir I, after the fall of the Arsacids and the defeat of the last Arsacid king.
-
A mesoamerican civilization known for developing a written language and having very nice art architecture. a lot of the the Maya cities reached their peak of development during the Classical period.
-
This empire was one of the most powerful economic, cultural, and military forces in Europe. It was centered around the capital of Constantinople and was ruled by many emperors.
-
Islam was first founded when Muhammad's divine revelations were written in the Qu'ran.
-
The battle of Sifin occurred after Muhammad passed away, which caused many arguments between the Islamic community. This led to the split between the two.
-
Was known as one of the largest empires the world had yet seen. It was the second of the four Arab caliphates created after the death of Muhammad.
-
An army consisting of mainly Northwest Africans led by Tariq ibn Ziyad. After a strong battle they fell and over the next decade Muslims occupied most of the Iberian Penninsula.
-
Ruled by the Abbasid dynasty of caliphs. This was the third of the Isalmic caliphates. It grew for two centuries, then declined when the Mamluks gained power.
-
A Turkish tribe from Central Asia, They went into Persia and established their first powerful state, called the Empire of the Great Seljuks.
-
Military expeditions taken by European Christians in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries to recover the Holy Land from the Muslims.
-
The Ayyubid Sultan of Egypt and Syria. He led the Muslims against the Crusaders and help recaptured Palestine from the Crusaders.
-
Founder and emperor of the Mongol empire which became the largest and most powerful empire in history. He started part of the mongol invasions.
-
Founded by Pachacutec, known to be the largest empire in pre-Columbian America. Later split up by a civil war.
-
The speed and extent of territorial expansion helped them gain the Mongol Empire which covered much of Asia and Eastern Europe by the 1300's.
-
The various muslim dynasties in India. Founded after Muhammad of Ghor.
-
The charter of English political and civil liberties granted by King John at Runnymede on June 1215 guaranteering basic rights.
-
This was founded by was founded by Sundiata Keita and was known to have very wealthy rulers. It spread language, customs, and culture along the niger river.
-
A soldier of slave origin, mamluks became powerful military castes in many Muslim societies. Known for beating back the Mongols and fighting the Crusaders.
-
A cultural movement that began in Florence, Tuscany. Known especially for its artistic developments.
-
Located in large parts of Mesoamerica. The Aztec people were ethnic groups in central Mexico who spoke the Nahuatl language.
-
Founder of the Timurid Empire and Dynasty. He was a fourteenth-century conqueror of Western, South and Central Asia. Also seen as a controversial figure throughout his lifetime.
-
A conflict between England and France over territorial rights and Edward III trying to gain his claim over the french crown.
-
A state located in western Africa. This was known to be one of the largest Islamic empires. And its base of power was located on the bend of the NIger River.
-
The last dynasty ever ruled by ethnic Hans. It was considered to be one of the greatest eras of orderly government and social stability in human history.
-
A Hui-Chinese mariner, explorer, diplomat, and fleet admiral who commanded multiple voyages.
-
The tenth emperor of the Malian Empire. He was considered one of the wealthiest emperors of his day.
-
A machine that transfers lettering or by contact with many forms of inked surface onto paper fed into it in various ways.
-
The Grand Prince of Moscow. He was very determined to enlarge the territory gained from his father and was very successful in military take overs.
-
A feudal monarchy created by the coronation of the frankish King Charlemagne. Restoring the western empire that had been leader-less.
-
An imperial Chinese Dynasty that helped unify China in the 6th century. It helped end four centuries of rivalry between regimes and was followed by the Tang Dynasty.
-
An emperial dynasty of China that was founded by the Li family who took over when the Sui Empire began to fall. Empire was seen as a large period of stability and progress.
-
A dynasty in China that had the first government to actually print out paper money and also establish a navy. Used inventions such as the compass and gunpowder.
-
Located in what is now southeastern Mauritania, and Western Mali, the ghana empire was very rich in gold and salt which allowed for better trade and larger urban areas.
-
Founded by East Slavic Tribes and Scandinavian warriors later it fell around the 1300's, some say because of Mongol invasion.
-
King of the franks and an emperor of the romans. Co-ruled with his brother after taking his fathers place.