MId-term Review Timeline

Qin Dynasty in China

221

221 - 206 B.C.
- Redefined China.

Mayan Empire

250

250 - 900
- Mayan civilization resided in parts of Southern Mexico and Central America.
- Typical physical characteristics of the Mayan were short in height, straight black hair, painted bodies, tattoos, and flat foreheads.
- Worshiped many different gods representing nature and daily life.

Mauryan Empire

323

B.C.
-India's first empire.
-Fell in 185 B.C.

Byzantine Empire

330

• Continuation of the Roman Empire.
• Constantinople was the capitol city.
• Dated from the founding of Constantinople in 330 to the fall Constantinople to the Turks in 1453.
• The Byzantine Empire may best be described as possessing Roman law and government, Christian religion, and Greek culture and language.

Alexander the Great

356

B.C
-was a Greek king of Macedon.
- a state in northern ancient Greece.
- Born in Pella in 356 BC, Alexander was tutored by Aristotle until the age of 16.
-By the age of thirty, he had created one of the largest empires of the ancient world.

"Golden Age" of India

400

B.C
- high points of this cultural creativity are magnificent architectures, sculptures and paintings.
-The Golden Age of India saw achievements.
-South India in the 10th and 11th century BCE under the imperial Cholas is considered as another Golden Age.

Dates of Invents

Period: 400 to Mar 29, 4999

Buddhism

Dec 5, 600

B.C
-is a religion and philosophy encompassing a variety of traditions.

Christianity

Mar 2, 1032

A.D
-is a monotheistic religion.
- based on the life and teachings of Jesus.
-Christians believe that Jesus is the Son of God, God having become human and the saviour of humanity.

Mandate of Heaven

Nov 13, 1046

B.C
- Disasters and successful rebellions would thus show that the ruling family had lost this Mandate.
-They legitimized their rule by invoking the "Mandate of Heaven.
- the notion that the ruler (the "Son of Heaven") governed by divine right and that his dethronement would prove that he had lost the Mandate.

Phoencian alphabet

Feb 1, 1050

B.C
- It was used for the writing of Phoenician, a Northern Semitic language.
-The alphabet's success was due in part to its phonetic nature.
-Where we got our alphabet today.

Zhou Dynasty in China

Apr 4, 1122

1122 - 256 B.C.
- Lasted longer than any other Dynasty in Chinese history.

Olmec Civilization

Dec 27, 1250

http://familyonbikes.org/educate/lessons/olmecans.htm 1250 - 400 B.C.
- Preceded the Mayans in Mesoamaerica.
- Thought to be the foundation of all subsequent cultures in that part of the Americas.
- It is believed that the Olmecs were the first civilization to use a written language.

Mongol Empire

May 12, 1279

1279 - 1368
- The biggest land empire in history.
- Territory extended from the Yellow Sea in eastern Asia to the borders of eastern Europe.

Ottoman Empire

Jul 27, 1299

-The Ottoman Empire was one of the largest and longest lasting empires in history.
- During the 16th and 17th centuries, in particular at the height of its power under the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent, the empire became the most powerful state in the world.

Petrarch

Jul 20, 1304

http://petrarch.petersadlon.com/ 1304 - 1374
- Petrarch saw reading and writing as a blessing, and everyone else saw it as a chore.
- Collected old text.
- First "real love" poet.

Inca Empire

Aug 14, 1438

1438 - 1533
- Largest empire in pre-Columbian America.
- The Inca civilization arose from the highlands of Peru.

Leonardo da Vinci

Apr 15, 1452

http://www.leonardoda-vinci.org/ 1452 - 1519
- Scientist, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, painter, sculptor, architect, botanist, musician, and writer.
- Illegitimate son of a notary (Piero da Vinci) and a peasant girl (Caterina).
- "Renaissance Man".
- Painted the "Mona Lisa", and "The Last Supper".

Niccolo Machiavelli

May 3, 1469

1469 - 1527
- The father of modern political theory.
- Born in Florence.
- Was employed in a great variety of missions, including one to the Emporer Maximilian, and four to France.

Michelangelo

Mar 6, 1475

http://www.michelangelo.com/buon/bio-index2.html 1475 - 1564
- Italian sculptor, painter, architect, and poet.
- Sculpted the Pieta.

Aztec Empire

Dec 10, 1519

1519
- The most powerful Mesoamerican kingdom of all time.
- Reached from the Pacific Ocean to the Gulf Coast and from Central Mexico to the present-day Republic of Guatemala

Hammurabi's law code

Jan 1, 1780

B.C
-Hammurabi was a First Dynasty king of the city-state of Babylon.
-sixth king of Babylon.
-The code of Hammurabi contained 282 laws.

Henry Vlll

Jun 28, 1941

-of England and Ireland, the third child and second son of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York, was born on the 28th of June 1491 and, like all the Tudor monarchs except Henry VII, at Greenwich Palace.
-His two brothers, Prince Arthur and Edmund, Duke of Somerset, and two of his sisters predeceased their father.

Monotheism

Feb 29, 2000

B.C.
-Began with the Hebrew belief in Yahweh.
-Belief in one God.

Julius Caesar

Jul 31, 2000

B.C
-was a Roman general and statesman and a distinguished writer of Latin prose.
- He played a critical role in the gradual transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire.
-In 60 BC, Caesar, Crassus and Pompey formed a political alliance that was to dominate Roman politics for several years.

Socrates

Mar 2, 2022

B.C
- was a classical Greek Athenian philosopher.
-Credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy.
- he is an enigmatic figure known chiefly through the accounts of later classical writers.

Aristotle

Mar 2, 2022

B.C
-was a Greek philosopher and polymath.
- a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great.
- His writings cover many subjects, including physics, metaphysics, poetry, theater, music, logic, rhetoric, linguistics, politics, government, ethics, biology, and zoology.

Plato

Mar 2, 2022

http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/plato/ 429 - 347 B.C.
- Athenian citizen of high status.
- One of the most penetrating, wide-ranging, and influential authors in the history of philosophy.

Justinian Code

Mar 2, 2022

http://orias.berkeley.edu/summer2004/summer2004JustinianCode.htm

• First Justinian Code was completed in 529 B.C. (this code was later expanded to include Justinian's own laws, as well as two additional books on areas of the law)
• The Justinian Code made up the Code, the Digest, and the Institutes was completed.

Cuneiform

Feb 8, 2900

B.C.
-"wedge-shaped".
-came from Sumeria.

hieroglyphics

Feb 29, 4000

B.C
-a formal writing system used by the ancient Egyptians that combined logographic and alphabetic elements.
-Egyptians used cursive hieroglyphs for religious literature on papyrus and wood.