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A new period in Spain began with the Restoration of the Young King Alfonso XII.
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Through the political manoeuvring of Antonio Cánovas del Castillo, the leader of the future Conservative Party, which helped achieve
Queen Isabella II’s abdication in favour of her son Alfonso XII, the
support of the bourgeoisie and the army, anxious for political
stability. Cánovas wrote a manifesto, where he promised a constitutional government. -
Through the political manoeuvring of Antonio Cánovas del Castillo, the leader of the future Conservative Party, II’s abdication in favour of her son Alfonso XII, the support of the bourgeoisie and the army, anxious for political stability. On 1 December 1874, Cánovas wrote a manifesto, where he promised a constitutional government.
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The Spanish Socialist Workers’ Party was founded by Pablo Iglesias in 1879 and was consolidated by the huge surge in the labour
movement during this period. -
The Spanish Socialist Workers’ Party was founded by Pablo Iglesias and was consolidated by the huge surge in the labour
movement during this period. -
After the death od Alfonso XII, the Restoration was maintained by the regency of Maria Christina, while her son, Alfonso XII, was still a child.
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A new period in Spain began with the Restoration of the young King Alfonso XII to the throne.
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After the death of Alfonso XII in 1885, the Restoration was maintained by the regency of Maria Christina while her son,
Alfonso XIII, was still a child. -
Catalan nationalism demanded official status for the Catalan language, the establishment of Catalan political parties and courts, and Catalan autonomy. Written by Prat de la Riba.
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Catalan nationalism demanded official status for the Catalan language, the establishment of Catalan political parties and courts, and Catalan autonomy. In 1892 were declared in the Bases de Manresa, written by Prat de la Riba.
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War erupted in the Pacific (the Philippines) and the Atlantic (Cuba and Puerto Rico). In both conflicts, Spanish fleets were destroyed by the US. Spain was forced to sign the 1898 Treaty of Paris, where they recognised the independence of Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines.
The war caused more than 50.000 soldiers and had a negative impact on Spanish exports. -
Acceded to the throne in a political environment characterised by the crisis of Canovas del Castillo's political system.
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Alfonso XIII acceded to the throne in 1902 in a political environment characterised by the crisis of Cánovas del Castillo’s political system, the influence of regenerationism and the deaths of Cánovas and Sagasta
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Calling up reserves for the war againstMorocco resulted in an uprising that ledthe government to declare a state ofwar in Barcelona.
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Spain suffered a brutal defeat in the Rif War against Morocco in what was known as the Disaster at Annual, resulting in 10 000 deaths and widespread public commotion, negatively influencing public opinion.
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The dictatorship of Primo de Rivera went throught two stages, in one hand the military directory ( 1923-1925 ), and in the other hand, the civil directory ( 1925-1930 )
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The dictatorship of Primo de Rivera went through two stages, which had two different governments.
-The Military Directory (1923-1925). In this stage, Primo de Rivera
suspended the constitution, dissolved the Cortes...
-The Civil Directory (1925-1930).The military victory in Morocco and the economic boom of the 1920 helped Primo de Rivera maintain
power until 1930. -
After the Second Republic was proclaimed, a provisional government
was formed, made up of Republicans, socialists and nationalists. -
After the Second Republic was proclaimed, a provisional government was formed, made up of Republicans, socialists and nationalists who held elections for the Constituent Cortes in June 1931.
The left-wing parties won and drafted a new constitution. The constitution of 1931. -
The citizens disapproval of the king’s support for the dictatorship led to significant Republican victories in the 1931 municipal elections for several major cities. The king went into exile on 14 April 1931 and the Second Republic was declared.
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The new government halted the majority of the previous reforms,
which led to an increase in strikes and more actions by left wing
parties. CEDA then demanded positions in the government. -
Consisting of a wave of attacks and street violence between staunch falangist, communist and anarchist activists.
The most conservative sectors of the Army, who had been conspiring against the government since the victory of the Popular Front, -
The objetive of insurgents is to take Madrid, to do, they sent in an army from Navarra, led by General Emilio Mola, and another from Africa, led by general Franco.
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The objective of the insurgents was to take Madrid. To do, they
sent in an army from Navarra, led by General Emilio Mola, and another from Africa, led by General Franco. The resistance they encountered at the outskirts of Madrid, along with the defeats at
the battles of Jarama, and Guadalajara, forced them to change their plans. -
The war then moved to the Cantabrian coastreflected by the bombing of Gernika by the German air force’s Condor Legion.
The German air force enabled the insurgents to control key industrial and mining areas. The war then moved to the Mediterranean, -
the Republicans launched an offensive known as the ‘Battle of the Ebro’ in 1938 that led to many casualties on both sides.The insurgents advanced, took Catalonia in 1939 and entered Madrid with no resistance. The Civil War ended.
