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Luther nailed his devastating critique of the Indulgences to the door of the University in Wittenberg. -
William Tyndale translated the New Testament (the bible) into English. -
This Act gave the King the legal power to annul marriages (and marry Anne Boleyn)
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The king was made “Supreme Head of the Church of England" and that is when the schism happened. The King’s Great Matter had led England to break from the Roman Catholic Church!
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He was the son of Henry VIII and Jane Seymour
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The protestant Revision of the mass-book, led to the publication of the Book of Common Prayer.
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She was the daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon. And the first Queen regnant.
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She restored Catholicism in 18 months. Protestants were burned:200 Protestants went to the stake.
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She had to appease religious tensions after 25 years of religious
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She became “Supreme Governor of the Church of England”.
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Anew conception of the church was brought which retained Catholic features and adopted new Protestant ones.
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Pope Pius V issued the papal bull “Regnans in
Excelsis” which excommunicated Queen Elizabeth I. -
Young Catholics wanted to kill Elizabeth and put Mary
Stuart on the throne but their strategies were discovered. -
Mary Queen of Scots was convicted for complicity and sentenced to death. -
The King of Spain attempted to invade England but failed. -
He was the son of Mary Queen of Scots (who had been executed by Elizabeth).
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A conspiracy devised by a small group of Catholics to blow up Parliament and kill James I. -
The King could've received a fixed sum from the Parliament but the Parliament refused because it would have made him "financially independent" : James dismissed Parliament.
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England at war with Spain and France which led to a huge strain on finances and impacts on the local population.
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The Parliament requested the King to recognise his wrongdoings but the King declared the adjournment of the session. The Members of Parliament did not let the Speaker of the House put an end to the discussion
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The Parliament declared that whoever tried to bring in “Popery or Arminianism” was an enemy of the Kingdom
as well as anyone advising the King to collect custom duties without Parliament’s consent -
The King ruled without calling a parliament for 11 years after the Parliament had commited an act of open defiance.
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The introduction of the New Prayer Book set Scotland aflame as they were calvinist. The changes were deemed unacceptable. It led to a riot which turned into a widespread rebellion known as the Bishops’ Wars.
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An armed revolt broke out in Ireland because James I had implemented a plantation policy which consisted of sending English and Scottish protestant colonists to Ireland, taking the lands of Irish Catholics. -
Charles I believed that John Pym and 4 other MPs were plotting against the Queen. He then formally declared war on Parliament. -
The King and the Royalists surrendered.
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The Second Civil War was made of a series of revolts in the South of England, Wales and Scotland.
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Monarchy and House of Lords abolished.
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Between 2 reigns.
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He was proclaimed king of Scotland after his father’s execution.
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Cromwell dissolved the Rump Parliament and started the Protectorate.
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England’s first and only written constitution.
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The Protectorate was a MILITARY DICTATORSHIP, similar to a monarchy without a King.
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This led to a period of Anarchy. -
Charles made promises to return to monarchy.
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The King’s son in law invaded England and seized the crown. -
It limited the monarch’s power for the first time.
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A single kingdom commposed of England, the Wales and Scotland.