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the map of sudan in 1800s
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Period: to
tirer in sudan
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Sudan was a collection of small, independent kingdoms and principalities from the beginning of the Christian era until 1820-21, when Egypt conquered and unified the northern portion of the country
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Sudan is conquered by Turkey and Egypt
1820: 1820: Sudan is conquered by Turkey and Egypt -
There is little documentation for the history of the southern Sudanese provinces until the introduction of the Turkiyah in the north in the early 1820s and the subsequent extension of slave raiding into the south
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In 1881, a religious leader named Muhammad ibn Abdalla proclaimed himself the Mahdi, or the "expected one," and began a religious crusade to unify the tribes in western and central Sudan
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: Rebellion against the Turkish-Egyptian administration
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in the 1920a series of law the closed districts ordinnces place tight controls on access to the south the nuba mountains darfur and southern blue nile whose people after pacification were now regarded as needing protections
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. On August 18, 1955, the Equatoria Corps, a military unit composed of southerners, mutinied at Torit. Rather than surrender to Sudanese government authorities, many mutineers disappeared into hiding with their weapons, marking the beginning of the first
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Sudan achieved independence on January 1, 1956, under a provisional constitution. The United States was among the first foreign powers to recognize the new state.
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The southern region, which eventually achieved independence as South Sudan, has a population of around 6 million and a predominantly rural, subsistence economy. This region had been negatively affected by war for all but 10 years of the independence perio
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By the late 1960s, the war had resulted in the deaths of about 500,000 people. Several hundred thousand more southerners hid in the forests or escaped to refugee camps in neighboring countries.
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By 1969 the rebels had developed foreign contacts to obtain weapons and supplies
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In 1971 Joseph Lagu, who had become the leader of southern forces opposed to Khartoum, proclaimed the creation of the Southern Sudan Liberation Movement (SSLM).
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In September 1983, as part of an Islamicization campaign, President Nimeiri announced his decision to incorporate traditional Islamic punishments drawn from Shari'a
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Phase II of OLS to cover 1990 was approved by both the government and the SPLA in March 1990
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in February 1998 for defense against opposition groups in their countries backed by Sudan. Sudan has long accused Eritrea, which has a hostile relationship with Khartoum, of providing training facilities and arms to the SPLA in the south, to rebel forces
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In February 1953, the United Kingdom and Egypt concluded an agreement providing for Sudanese self-government and self-determination.