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The Fur people are an ethnic group in western Sudan. From 1750-1850 in Darfur was very reliant on trade with Egypt. Egyptian customs, culture, and religion were influential by the Fur people. Darfurians practice Islam like many Sudanese people but it was still different from the Sudanese people. (ppt) (Image)
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The Turko-Eygptian Rule of Sudan was led by Muhammad’ Ali who conquered Sudan in 1821 till 1885. His rules force thousands of Sudanese to crop cotton. The Sudanese people also were force to leave Sudan and travel to Egypt, but most of the people didn’t make the trip. It ended when a Sudanese group led by Muhammad Ahamad bin’ Abdallan captured the capital, Khartoum signaling the end of the Turko-Eygptian influence in Sudan. (ppt) (Image)
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End of Turko-Egyptian Rule of Sudan. (ppt) (Image)
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In 1898 Anglo- Egyptian forces successfully overthrown the Sudanese government introducing a new era of British rule and influence. British and Egypt worked together in control Sudan during the time. The British colonization helped change Sudanese infrastructure and restored law. They also helped the economy grow and instituted a modern government. In 1924, the British government passed the Southern policy, which cause the country of Sudan to split into 2 regions, north and south Sudan. (ppt)
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The split into 2 regions, north and south Sudan. The split of Sudan was part of the future civil wars in Sudan. (ppt) (Image)
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The British ignored the undeveloped provinces in southern Sudan. The British ignored the southern Sudan and say that southern Sudan wasn’t ready for the modern world, so therefore, they close the region so that no outsiders can go in the region. After the close the region, southern Sudan was undeveloped, isolated. Christian missionaries had limited social services with southern Sudan. The British administered north and south as separate colonies, which means you required a passport to (ppt)
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to travel between the 2 regions. The British provided money to support the Christian Missionary schools and social services in the south, but they didn’t develop roads. In 1946, Britain decided to open the border between northern and southern Sudan by re-evaluate the “close door” policy. In 1956 Britain and Egypt agreed to prepare Sudan for independence and helped to authorize one central government for all of Sudan. Only 4 out of the 800 government officials (ppt)
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were from south the rest were from the north. (ppt) (Image)
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Sudan fight for independence started in 1938. By 1952 Britain and Egypt agreed to prepare Sudan for independence in 1956 and helped to authorize one central government to rule all of Sudan. (ppt) (Image)
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The 1st civil war lasted for 17 years and during that 17 years the southern region went true civil strife. In 1969, the southern rebels had developed foreign contacts to obtain weapons and other supplies. In 1971 Joseph Lagu, who become the leader of southern forces, had proclaimed the creation of the Southern Sudan Liberation Movement (SSLM). A peace agreement was signed by the SSLM and the Sudanese government delegations on March 27, 1972 and was thereafter celebrated as National Unity (ppt)
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Anya is the main rebel that was trying to seperate south and north Sudan. Anya nya recruits and shipped weapons via Ethiopia and Uganda to the rebels by Israel. (ppt) (Image)
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Days. (ppt) (Image)
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End of British Colonization of Sudan. (ppt) (Image)
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Nimeiri became president in 1971. One of the contributions of Nimeiri’s rule to Sudan was the end of the civil war. Inflation, riots and poor foreign relations were part of Nimeiri’s government. He remain as the president until 1985 when he got replace by Mohammad Taha. (ppt) (Image)
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The SLAM/A means Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Army. It’s the rebel movement in the South. The SPLA use violent act of resistance to protest Bashir’s government. The SLAM and JEM (Justice and Equality Movement) backed the native Fur people, appearing in conflict between these groups and rebels. (ppt) (Image)
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End of 1st Civil War in Sudan. (ppt) (Image)
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The oil was first discovered in southern Sudan in 1978. There were excitement for the Sudanese people because they think it might mean poverty can be the past and it can be replaced a high standard living. The Arabs made huge step in development and the economic boom raised the standards of living when they found the oil in the Arabian Peninsula. But even if the oil is found in the southern Sudan, the South was still not the major beneficiary. The oil from the wells in southern Sudan was(ppt)
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to be transport to international market through northern Sudan. (ppt) (Image)
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The 2nd civil war that started in 1983 because President Jaafar Nimeiri’s introduced the Sharia Law and he did not mention some part of the 1972 peace agreement. The second civil war was like a continueing of the first civil war. Another factor was resources. South Sudan has many natural resources sure as oil fields and access to water. On the other hand, North Sudan has limited access to water and it’s lack of resources. That’s why North Sudan has alway been trying to control South (ppt)
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Sudan’s resources. In 1989, a military coup overthrew Nimeiri and he was replaced by Omar Al-Bashir who is still President. (ppt) (Image)
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Famine is a storage or amount of food. The famine in Sudan is when they had a big drought in 1989 and the government refused to sent southern Sudan famine relief, which left thousands of civilians starving. various generous organization managed to help the Sudanese, but were expelled from the country entirely. (ppt) (Image)
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End of 2nd civil war. (ppt) (Imgae)
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Omar-Al Bashir became president in 2005. Various groups throughout Sudan protested against the election, saying that it is unfair and rigged. Bashir is wanted by the International Criminal Court on charges of crimes against humanity for his part in a cruel act occurring in Darfur. (ppt) (Image)
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The ICC have allowed the charges of war crimes and crimes against humanity to go on. But the ICC rejected the genocide charges. They acknowledge that there are reasonable grounds to accept the fact that Sudanese and allied have committed crimes against humanity. (opendemocracy.net) (Image)
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South Sudan became an independence from Sudan on 9 July 2011. As the result, the 2005 peace deal that ended Africa's longest-running civil war. It became a new country of Africa. (bbc.co.uk) (Image)
