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http://www.warmuseum.ca/firstworldwar/history/life-at-home-during-the-war/recruitment-and-conscription/conscription-1917/ Strained relations between French and English speaking Canadians. By the middle of the war French Canadians felt they had done enough in the European theatre and opposed sending more troops to the front.
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http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/union-nationale/ A Quebec political party created by Duplessis, founded in 1935 and dissolved in 1989.
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chrome-extension://bpmcpldpdmajfigpchkicefoigmkfalc/views/app.html By the time they were trained the war was mostly over. French-English relations were strained but not broken. By 1942 reserves were startingly low and Hitler had controlled all of Europe, raising the need for conscripts.
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http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/maurice-le-noblet-duples Duplessis was known for supporting the Catholic Church and Catholic education. Resulting in Quebec schools graduating many teachers, philosophers, and theologians NOT business men, entrepreneurs, etc…. As a result, Quebec’s economy becomes stagnant. Duplessis = Premier of Quebec = leader of the Union Nationale Party believed Quebec should be recognized as a Distinct Society. Bribery = corruption were also its trademarks.
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http://www.canadahistory.com/sections/eras/cold%20war/Quiet%20Revolution.html It was deemed "Quiet" becasue there was no bloodshed. Lesage actually won the election, enter the motto, "Maitre chez nous" - meaning masters of our own house.
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http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/separatism/ The separatist movement re-emerges in Quebec and gains momentum, especially with the FLQ. The RIN was very important (Rassemblement pour l'independencen nationale)
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http://forcejeunesse.qc.ca/maitres-chez-vous/ Jean Lesage replaces Duplessis after his death and starts modernizing education, politics and culture.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front_de_lib%C3%A9ration_du_Qu%C3%A9bec It was a separatist paramilitary group in Quebec. Regarded as a terrorist organization due to its violent methods of action.
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http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/royal-commission-on-bilingualism-and-biculturalism/ The Royal Commission on Billingualism and Biculturalism was created in 1963 to eliminate French Canadian alienation. They discovered it was growing and problematic. The commission recommended billingualism in an attempt to unify the country.
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http://www.canadashistory.ca/Magazine/Online-Extension/Articles/The-Great-Flag-Debate Under the Pearson gov't... it was decided to have a flag without a British symbol on it. It also acted as a means to unify the country.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immigration_Act,_1976 Prior to this immigration policy was restrictive, giving preference to English speaking (Br. or US) applicants. Now the policy is based on the points system, where applications were scored. Jobs in need in Canada were given higher points than jobs in less demand etc.
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http://www.biography.com/people/pierre-trudeau-9510956#biography Trudeau's ideas were very popular and he was elected into office. He worked very hard right away for things such as universal health care, and reforming government caucus.
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http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/official-languages-act-1969/ Canada is now a billingual nation.This was a product of the Bi-Bi commission.
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http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/war-measures-act/ Enacted after the kidnapping of James Cross and murder of Pierre Laporte. 450 people were detained under the act. Only use of the WMA in a domestic crisis.
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http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/october-crisis/ After growing separatist sentiments, the FLQ stepped up their acts of aggression by kidnapping the British diplomat, James Cross. The FLQ wished the release of their FLQ prisoners before releasing Cross. FLQ later kidnaps Pierre Laporte. Trudeau enacts War Measures Act, but Laporte's strangled body is later found in the trunk of a car.
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http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/multiculturalism/citizenship.asp Canada was the first country in the world to adopt multiculturalism as a policy. Canada affirmed the value and dignity of all Canadian citizens regardless of their racial or ethnic origins, their language, or their religious affiliation. It encouraged people to express their cultures, and in doing so, it would de-emphasize the French as the only cultural group in Canada.
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http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/bill-22/ It made French the language of civic administration and services, and of the workplace in Quebec. Created by Robert Bourassa, a Quebec premier.
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http://mapleleafweb.com/features/immigration-policy-canada-history-administration-and-debates Families and businesses could now "vouch for" or sponsor a new immigrant, meaning they would take responsibility for this person's set up in Canada.
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http://www.canadahistory.com/sections/eras/trudeau/pq_come_to_power.htm After winning, they promised separation from Canada.(Separatist government)
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http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/bill-101/ Camille Laurin introduced a bill making French the only working language of Quebec.
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http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/bill-101/ The bill was passed after a lot of controversy.
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http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/quebec-referendum-1980/ Rene Levesque asked people of Quebec to vote "yes" to negotiating a new agreement with Canada based on Sovereignty-association. He proposed that Quebec become politically independent, yet maintain a close economic relationship with Canada. Referendum results : 40% yes, 60% no
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http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/patriation-of-the-constitution/ KItchen compromise. Canada "patriated" its Constitution, transferring the country's highest law, the British North America Act, from the authority of the British Parliament — a connection from the colonial past — to Canada's federal and provincial legislatures.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_Act,_1982 Trudeau went ahead and new constitution signed by QE 2 and Trudeau at Ottawa parliament buildings. Our constitution had come home.
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http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/brian-mulroney/ Leader of the Progressive party.
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http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/reform-party-of-canada/ The Reform Party of Canada was a Western-based political party that grew out of a coalition of discontented Western interest groups.
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http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/bloc-quebecois/ It was made up of Québec MPs who left the Conservative and Liberal parties after the failure of the Meech Lake Accord
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http://www.pier21.ca/research/immigration-history/canadian-multiculturalism-act-1988 The Canadian Multiculturalism Act of 1988 provided a legislative framework for the official policy of multiculturalism adopted by the government in 1971. The act sought to protect the cultural heritage of Canadians, reduce discrimination and encourage the implementation of multicultural programs and activities within institutions and organizations.
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http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/meech-lake-accord/ Elijah Harper, a native member of parliament, refused to give his approval on signing the Accord. The Federal Govt offered to push back the deadline, but this would force Quebec to ratify the document again. The situation irritated Clyde Wells, Premier of Newfoundland and refused to sign.
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http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/the-charlottetown-accord/ A failed, joint attempt by Brian Mulroney and all 10 provincial premiers to attend the Canadian Constitution, specifically to obtain Quebec's consent to the Constitution Act. The Accord would have also decentralized many federal powers to the provinces, and it was ultimately rejected by Canadian voters in a referendum.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parti_Qu%C3%A9b%C3%A9cois Returned to power with 44.7% of the vote and 77 seats in the National Assembly - strong majority
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http://ualawccsprod.srv.ualberta.ca/ccs/index.php/sz/545-sovereignty-association] Second referendum to ask Quebec whether Quebec should proclaim national sovereignty and become an independent country. 49.4 yes, 50.6 no.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarity_Act Stated that any future referenda, Quebec must ask a clear question & win a clear majority, making it impossible for Quebec to gain independence from Canada through a referendum. Quebec didn't have the right to separate.
