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Device invented by Thomas Newcomen (in its most basic form) which transformed steam into movement in order to carry out different tasks. -
Device invented by John Kay which made the production of textile products easier and was a first step towards mecanization. -
Period of time of sudden economical, technological and demographic changes that industralised UK and the world.
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Machine that made easier the weaving process, another first step towards mecanization. -
Device which used hidraulic power to process several threads at the same time and could work almost by itself. -
The 13 brittish colonies reach and agreement and express their desires to stop being a part of the UK. This document express enlighted ideas of freedom and liberty. -
Machine that produced thread invented by Samuel Crompton that was widely used in Britain. -
First model of steamship ever launched, it used Newcomen's steam engine and was designed by Claude de Jouffroy -
Treaty in which the UK recognises the independence of the USA -
Reign of the spanish Monarch known as Charles IV, during his reign, he witnessed the motín of Aranjuez, the French revolution, the chrisis of the ancièn regime. He was advised by ministers such a Floridablanca or Godoy. His wife was María Luisa de Parma.
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The constitution of the US is put into effect after the constitutional convention. It was, if not the first, one of the first constitutions in being signed. It defended enlightened ideals and capitalism. -
Louis the sixteenth called the states general in order to try to impose taxes for the first and second states.
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After the disputes originated by the unfair voting system, the National assembly was established in a tennis court.
Even though it was an assembly in which the third state was the main representatives (As they said they were "the people") members of the other two states were invited to join. -
As the king had locked the members of the third state out of the salon des menus plaisirs , they went to a tennis court near the Palace of Versailles where they took an oath which states the neccesity of a constitution -
The assembly swore that the would not cease their work until a constitution was written and the negotiations started
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In this event, the Bastille was attacked by the recolutionaries in order to obtain gunpowder (they had previously attacked the hospital of the invalids but found none). The prision governor was deposed and killed and the political prisioners that were held in captivity there, liberated. -
This doccument established the principle of equality, liberty and fraternity among all the french citizens and set the base for the posterior constitution. -
A group of Parisian women organised a protest onto Versailles in which they forced the king to establish himself on the Palace of the Tulleries. -
The royal family tried to flee the country and seek help in Austria. They were catched in the city of Varennes and sent back to Paris. -
After the absolute monarchic regime in France is abolished, the revolutionaries start negotiations to establish a constitution that followed their enlightened ideas of equality, liberty and fraternity. -
Period in which France was ruled under a constitutional monarchy in which two parties were significant: the girondins (more moderated) and Jacobins (Radicals). Also there was an importan section of the parliament which had afilliation with none of the two aforesaid parties.
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The revolutionaries attack the palace of the Tulleries and suspend the king from any constitutional function. -
During this period, a new assembly was formed and a coalition of european countries declared war on France aiming to stop the revolutionary movement
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The king was put on trial for treason and found guilty. He was executed this day. -
Marat was assaulted and stabbed, as a result, one of the most important figures of the jacobins was dead. -
The government was taken over by the jacobins with Robespierre as a leader. Lots of people are executed for being "Enemies of the revolution". It ended with the fall of Rosbespierre.
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Marie Antoiniette was found guilty of treason and also executed. -
Robespierre is detained and then executed on this day. -
Treaties between Prussia,Spain and the French empire which made the former coalition powers abandon the aforesaid. -
After the execution of Robespierre and the dissolution of the Convention, France started a new way of government: the directory in which 5 directors along with two assamblies ruled the country.
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Napoleon leads a coup and installs a new way of government: the Consulate. -
In this period, France was ruled first by three consuls (of which, Napoleon held the title of first consul) and then only by Napoleon himself as consul for life.
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Treaty in which Spain exchanged its possesions in Louisiana with the Tuscan French terrirories. -
Mean of transport invented by Richard Trevitchik which uses coal as a fuel and goes in tracks. -
Napoleon proclamates himself emperor of the french. -
Napoleon takes over the country and on the 18/03/1804 he declares himself Emperor of France where he rules as the sole head of state.
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A new civil code is approved which introduces new legal concepts. -
Battle between the Spanish and the French and Great Britain. It stopped the grande armée from crossing the Gibraltar passage in order to take controll over the English channel. In this battle, Almirant Nelson died. -
Battle in the napoleonic wars that made possible for Napoleon to end the Third coalition war. -
Embargo from emperor Napoleon against the Brittish that seeked establishing french hegemony in Europe and perjudicate Brittain. -
Treaty between Spain and France which allowed French troops to cross Spain in order to conquer Portugal. -
Revolt that took place in Aranjuez- the palace where spanish monarchy lived- because of the unhappiness of the people with the rulers of the country and that ended up with the destitution of the minister of the king (Godoy), the abdication of Charles IV and the rise to the power of his son Ferdinand VII -
The spanish people revolt against the french rule that was imposed on them -
The spanish people organise a revolt against the king imposed by Napoleon which will end up with the independence of Spain. -
War between the spanish and the Napoleonic empire in which the spanish wanted to get rid of the french ruler Joseph I
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Napoleon forces Ferdinand VII to abdicate on his father Charles IV and he is forced to abdicate on Napoleon, who gives the spanish crown to his brother which would then be know as Joseph I -
Napoleon took over Spain and put his brother Joseph as king of Spain. He dealt with the war of independence. He was known as Pepe Botella, because he allegedly was an alcholic. His consort was Julia Clary.
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A decissive battle that took place in Bailén and was the first defeat of the napoleonic grande armée. The spanish won over the french, event hough the last outnumbered them. -
First actuations of the luddites, a group of people that thought that the machines were a threat to their works and destroyed them. -
The constitution of 1812 ,known as la Pepa, is approved by the Cadiz cortes. It establishes constitutional monarchy and a series of rights and obligations for spanish citizens -
Treaty between Napoleon and Spain that establishes peace between both countries. -
In this treaty Napoleon renounces to his power as emperor and retires to the island of Elba under vigilance. -
Fernando VII takes over the power after the war of independence and via coup d'etat restores absolutism. He faces the post-war crisis and several liberal pronunciamientos.
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Napoleon is finally defeated and the vienna congress is held in order to reorganize the territories previously controlled by Napoleon.
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Napoleon returns to France from his exile in Elba and retakes power only for a hundred days. For this, this period is known as the hundred days.
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Napoleon is defeated in this battle and forced to abdicated.
Then, he retires to the island of st. Helen and dies there. -
The french monarchy is restored and the period known as the restoration starts. -
After the defeat of Napoleon, Prussia, Russia and Austria create an alliance in order to prevent liberal movements to suceed -
Argentina becomes an independent country and ceases dependent relations with Spain -
The Cadiz cortes are convocated by the Junta Central. -
A series of liberal revolutions that took place in the 1820s such as in spain (trienio liberal), the decembrist revolutions of Argentina and Russia, the Greek war of independence and some revolutions in italian states. -
The pronunciamiento of general Riego succedes and a constitutional monarchy is imposed, the king, Fernando VII constantly tries to overthrow this government until he finally succedes when the 100 sons of st. Luis help restore the absolutism in Spain.
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After a war with Spain, Peru gains its independence. -
Mexico succeds in obtaining its independence from Spain. -
Last period in Fernando VII's reign in which absolutism comes back and liberals are prosecuted, constitution was absolished, and old institutions were restored.
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First train that was engine powered and transported people from Stockon to Darlington done by George Stephenson -
Chile becomes independent from Spain after its war of Independence. -
Revolutions which took place in the 1830s. These revolutions tended to be rather nationalist.
These revolutions happened in France, Belgium, Italy, Poland, Brazil and Portugal, and Switzerland. -
The first trade unions appear circa this decade in England i order to defend workers' rights. -
Law passed by Ferdinand VII which allowed his daughter, Isabel II, to reign by derogating the salic law -
The brother of the previous king claims his right to be king of spain instead of her daughter and legitimate heir, Isabel II and starts a civil war.
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After the death of Fernando VII, his wife takes the power as her daughter and heir- Isabel II - was a minor.
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Device that made fabrics automatically with little human help and used steam as fuel. -
The minister Mendizabal orders that eclessiastical properties were to be confiscated and sold and thus, privatized. -
Popular movement in Great Britain that seeked political equality between working and upper classes and, therefore, the representation of the first in the parliament of Great Britain
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The general Espartero assumes the power and Maria Cristina leaves the power.
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After Isabel II becomes legally an adult, she assumes the power of the country from that moment until the glorious revolution. Her consort is Francisco de Asís y Borbón.
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Marx and Engels create the communist manifesto which settles the principles of marxism. -
Series of revolutions in Europe that took place in France, Ireland, German confederation, Hungary and the Italian states, among others. -
A process of reunification is started by Vittorio Emanuele the second which unified the italic peninsula. Along with this, the cultural movement of the risorgimento, nationalism, took importance.
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the minister of hacienda orders an expropiation of eclessiastical and state possesions and those are put to be sold. -
Association of socialist, anarchists and trade unions which seeked the overthrowing of capitalism and improve in workers' conditions
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Process of unification of Germany that was started by Otto Von Bismarck and, first with economic measures and then pollitical, reunified the different german provinces into one state known as reich
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A provisional government is formed after the revolution of 1868 which governs the country until a new monarch was elected.
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Constitution that was established after the glorious revolution by the provisional government that was the one used in the reign of Amadeo of Savoy. -
Revolution that changed the world by introducing new fuels such as oil and its derivates (gasoline, kerosene..), the surge of advertisment and consumerist society and the ways of producing things.
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The provisional government appoints Amadeo of Savoy as a king, he is not popular. His consort was Maria del Pozzo.
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Period in which there is no king and there also is a lot of political inestability. In a year, 4 presidents took power.
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Pablo Iglesias Posse foundates the spanish socialist party.
It had a socialist ideology -
This second organisation of workers, only included socialist parties and had similar objectives as the first one
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A trade union which defended workers' rights and had anarchist ideology