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France challenged Russia's position as custodian of Christian holy places within the Ottoman Empire; it sought special considerations for Latin Christian churches from the Ottoman Turks; these were granted (1852) and the Russians, who favoured Greek Orthodox Christians, were roused to action.
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The Crimean War was a conflict between the Russian Empire and an alliance of the French Empire, British Empire, Ottoman Empire and the Kindom of Sardinia. The War was the result of a long running contest between the major European powers for influence over territories of the declining Ottoman Empire.
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In response to the ultimatum delivered by Tsar Nicholas I, The Turkish government refused the Russian demands.
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British and French forces landed on the Crimean Peninsula on the north coast of the Black Sea and were victorious in the Battle of Alma River on Sept. 20. Soon after this the Russian forces withdrew to Sevastopol.
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