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The Magna Carta was signed in 1215 by King John of England. It established a limitation to the king's powers, beginning the long road to limited monarchy in England
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The Petition of Right was created in 1628 by Parliament as a means to check the power of the king further, by preventing him from choosing punishment without fair trial and taxing the people without Parliament's consent.
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The English Civil War was a conflict between those loyal to the crown, and those loyal to Parliament, and with the outcome of defeat of the crown royalists, there was a loss in power of the monarchy.
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Charles I was executed after losing the English Civil War, and Parliament, headed by Oliver Cromwell, who was named Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland
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Parliament assisted in the Restoration of Charles II following the death of Oliver Cromwell, furthering their influence over the monarchy by their deciding who would be in charge.
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The Habeas Corpus Act of 1679 resulted in further loss of power for the monarchy, as they were now no longer free to conduct trials without the presence of the accused.
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Parliament backs William III's invasion of England, overthrowing James II. Parliament is given a large chunk of power as a result.
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The English Bill of Rights was established shortly after the Glorious Revolution, establishing more protections for the people and limitations on the king.
