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1060
papal methods.
The pope attempted to prevent the spread of Protestantism by the enforcement of Catholic principles. Three methods used to prevent the spread of Protestantism were the concordats, the Index, and the Inquisition. These were the agreements made with the various Catholic rulers of Europe. -
1495
Franciscan Cardinal Jiménez de Cisneros.
Mr Franciscan Cardinal Jiménez de Cisneros. His first public office was that of Queen Isabella's confessor. She was very impressed with his knowledge and wisdom religiously and politically. In 1495 ( ignitia) he was chosen as Archbishop of Toledo located in Spain. -
1545
The Council of Trent.
The popes quickly took the lead in reform by the mid-sixteenth century. The Council of Trent paved the way for reform. Convened in 1545 by Charles V to who dealt with the Lutheran Protestants. ( ignitia)
The council met intermittently for eighteen years. Although it failed to provide an answer to the problem with the council. They had decreed certain church reforms. -
1555
Philip II of the Neverlands.
When Philip II of Spain took over the Netherlands in 1555, he brought Catholicism, Spanish control, and taxation. ( ignita) The people went crazy. Spreading destruction among that country's Catholic churches. A special court was set up to deal with Protestant rebels that went crazy out of no were. MostnProtestants were put to death others fled, sacrificed their personal property for their lives. -
1560
war in france.
France was destroyed by differences in religion that resulted at the beginning of three groups of thought. One group contacted the Huguenots or French Calvinists. The second group included Catholics who wanted Catholicism as the only religion. The third group was the Politiques, which were Catholics who were interested in politics than in religion. -
King henry VI
Henry of Navarre became King Henry IV of France in 1589. (ignitia) He began part of the line of kings known as the Bourbon kings. Although he had been Huguenot, Henry IV became Catholic. In 1598 he proclaimed the Edict of Nantes, which gave Protestants more freedom. -
Netherlands religion.
The Netherlands was made up of seventeen provinces including the area now known as Belgium. People from the Netherlands were divided by language and religion. People who spoke Dutch in the northern provinces became known as CalvinisticThe people who spoke Flemish and French were people of the southern provinces who remained Catholic. -
Jesuit society.
Spain was known for Catholicism in the sixteenth century. Spain was also one of the strongest European military power of this time. Out of this Catholic stronghold grew a different religious order. The Society of Jesus. The founder of this order was Ignatius of Loyola. -
Germany religion.
Another religious eror started in Germany was the Thirty Years War. Which had grown out of religious and political problems. Religious intolerance mixed with commercial rivalry ended up in difficult alliances between former enemies to oppose an even greater threat, the Hapsburgs. -
Holy Roman Emperor
Protestant nobles were against the threat of a Catholic King, starting a power struggle with the Holy Roman Emperor. In 1629, ( ignitia) the Emperor's army invaded Germany. all in the same year, Emperor Ferdinand signed the Edict of Restitutio which lead to restoring Catholic lands and restricting the religious and political rights of Protestants.
