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Russia was ruled by Alexander I, who was thought to be enlightened. Lessened censorship and provided other reforms. Became more reactionary after Napoleon was defeated. -
Argentina gains independence. First South American country to gain this. Represents the weakening power of the Spanish control. -
Realized change needed to made, and thus accepted the Napoleonic Code which gave the people more rights. Neither side was happy with what he did because they did not want a compromise between the two views. -
Prussia, Russia, Austria, and Britain met to discuss peace. Restored Bourbon lineage to France. -
Opposed legislation and destroyed constitution. Overthrown by middle class merchants, and eventually reinstated. -
Great Britain was controlled by the upperclass because only wealthy landowners could vote, thus creating an inbalance for the working class within the major cities. The Tories passed the Corn Act, which placed high tariffs on imported grain, which increased the wealth gap. -
Secret group of university students and professors who wanted a united Germany. Burned conservative books to celebrate the 95 Theses. -
A larger population would lead to lower wages and more workers. A smaller population leads to higher pay, which yields more children and starts the cycle over again. -
The Quadruple Alliance agreed to remove their troops from France in return of them paying the war indemnity they owed. France was also admitted into the new group, the Quintuple Alliance. -
Got rid of the Burschenschaften and placed firmer rules on Germany. No more freedom of the press and universities were kept under close watch. -
Protesters were attacked, and some killed. Parliament reacted by tightening rules within the country. -
Meeting to discuss how to supress revolution in Naples. Stated that countries that seem to be of a threat because of revolution cease to be in the European Alliance. -
Both were freed by Simon Bolivar and Jose de San Martin respectively. Spanish no longer had control of them. -
Austria was given permission to invade part of Italy. Again, Britain was against this and did not agree. -
Meeting to determine what to do with the revolution in Spain. Ultimately decided that France could step in. Great Britain did not agree to this. -
Compensated nobles who lost land due to the Revolution. Wanted the Church to regain control over education. -
Portugal recognized Brazil's independence, and Britain proposed a joint agreement between them and the United States to protect this area from being attacked again. The United States refused by producing the Monroe Doctrine in response. -
Nicholas gets the Russian throne over his brother. He has to put down the Decembrist Revolt, which makes him even more conservative. Deported suspicious people, and strengthened secret police force. -
Greece finally gets independence after revolting against the Ottomans. Other European powers stepped in and defeated the Ottomans, but had the power to decide Greece's fate. They let Greece become an independent nation. -
Belgium becomes independent after revolt. A German becomes king and the country has a constitutional monarchy. -
Issued by Charles X, and dissolved democratic ideas that were previously in place. Favoured upper middle class. -
The poor were placed in workhouses were they were provided basic amenities. In return they had to work for a certain amount of hours, and they were horrendous places. -
Lowered cost of bread for the people. Reinforced ideas that were favoured by industrialists. -
Revolts in many areas of Italy led to new constitutions. The king of Piedmont invaded Lombardy and lost. Austria regained Lombardy and Venetia as a result. -
Book that supported the freedom to have whatever opinion you wanted. Also supported the equal rights of women.