-
Aug 29, 1500
First Occupants
-Algonquins and Iroquois
-No sense of land ownership
Algonquins:
Are nomadic and live in Tipis, located in the Canadian Shield.
Iroquois:
Are sedentary and live in long houses, live further south for more fertile land. -
Period: Aug 29, 1500 to
Population and Settlement
-
Aug 29, 1534
Jaques Cartier 1rst voyage
-Arrives in North America
-3 reasons: 1. Wanted to find a route to Asia but failed
2. Bring back gold and other riches
3. Claim land for the king of France
-Explored and mapped the Golf of Saint-Lawrence -
Sep 4, 1535
Jaque Cartier's 2nd Voyage
-Sailed up the Saint Lawrence
-Reached Standacona
-Natives showed the french how to survive winters
-Natives tought how to use snow shoes, tobogans... -
Sep 11, 1541
Jaques Cartier 3rd voyage
-Tried to set up a colonie
-Not succesful
-Missionaries attempted to covert the natives
-France lost interest for 60 years -
Port Royal
-First attempt at a colonie/trading post
-Failed
-The indians didn't want to travel to Nova Scotia -
Return of Champlain
-Champlain returned to establish a trading post
-Post was to be called New France
-Located at a point where the river is narrown near Standacona -
Trois-Rivieres 2nd settlement
-Champlain put Sieur de Laviolette in charge of finding a 2nd settlement.
-Site was the confluence of the St. Maurice and St. Lawrence rivers.
-Site named Trois-Rivieres. -
Ville-Marie (Montreal)
-Paul Chomedy, Sieur de Maisoneuve founded Ville-Marie close to the Iroquois village of Hochelaga.
-Purpose was to evangelize the Amerindians but became a major trading post because of it's location (center of algonquin territory). -
Great Peace of Montreal
-The war between the French and the Iroquois ended with the signing of the treaty (Great Peace of Montreal).
-This war was going on for approzimately a century. -
King Named Jean Talon Intendant
-To populate New-France, the king named Jean Talon as intendant.
-Soldiers were offered free land if they stayed in New-France after their services.
-Minor criminels were offered land.
-Filles du roi were sent over to marry men in New-France.
-Population increased from 3,000 to 70,000 -
Start of British Regime
-1760-1867
-Treaty of Paris was signed to end war.
-British were in control -
Royal Proclamation
-It was the first constitution after the British beat the French.
-Issued by King George III
-Gives a lot of land to the Amerindians -
British Immigrants to Quebec
-Now that the British were in power, the british merchants started to move into Quebec.
-First wave of immigration.
-Rich French moved out of Quebec.
-Population: 99% French, 1% British -
Act of Quebec
-Second Constitution signed by the British.
-Some french laws were reastablished.
-Seigneries were allowed again.
-Made the people of the 13 colonies mad. -
Decleration of Independance for 13 Colonies
-13 colonies fight for their independance.
-Gained their independance because French helped to fight against the British.
-Later on renamed as United-States -
Treaty of Versaille
-Ends war of independance
-13 colonies renamed as United-States
-British loyalists move out of 13 colonies -
Loyalists immigration
-Second wave of immigration.
-People loyal to Britain move out of 13 colonies after they receive independace to go to a British territory.
-36000 loyalists moved to Canada, 6000 of them settled down in Quebec (changing the population of British people from 1 to 10%). -
Irish Immigrate from Europe
-Irish immigrate from Europe to North America.
-Third wave of immigration.
-Caused by the famine of potatoes in Ireland.
-Canadian population was mad because the Irish would work for cheaper. -
British National Act
-Made Canada it's own country.
-Britain was still in control of certain parts of Canada. -
Oka Crisis
-Gold coarse tried to expand on to Amerindian reserve.
-Amerindians begam to protest.
-Canadian Army had to get involved in order to stop the protest.
