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Jan 1, 750
education IM
In the first centuries of Islamic civilization, education was mainly conducted in mosques. During the Abbasid period, when Muslims started learning ancient sciences like philosophy, mathematics, medicine, astronomy, physics and chemistry, a need arose to teach these disciplines in newly created institutions like Baitul Hikma (750-1258) of Baghdad, or Darul Hikma (1005-1156) of Cairo. The famous Islamic educational institution, the madrasa (college) started to develop in the 10th century. -
Period: Jan 21, 1299 to
Absolute monarchy
The Ottoman Empire had an absolute monarchy in 1299-1876, 1878-1908 and also 1918-1922.
-an absolute monarchy is a monarchy that is not limited or restrained by laws or a constitution. Meaning it is ruled by an autocrat.
-an autocrats job is to rule the empire and he is exempt from being reprimanded (meaning he doesn’t have to follow rules.) -
Jun 3, 1299
Taxes and empire funds IM
The Ottoman Empire had an agrarian economy. the Ottoman's population contributed up to around 40 % of the taxes of the Empire. military expansion was regarded the principal source of wealth by the Ottomans. They had the force to take the wealth they desired. Wars had a major impact on the Ottomans as well. Territorial losses however would damage the Ottoman economy. Changes were brought about in the population of the Empire because of the hard conditions like famines. -
Jan 1, 1453
Growth IM
The Ottoman conquest of Constantinople in 1453 by Mehmed II laid the foundation of the Empire as the preeminent power in southeastern Europe and the eastern Mediterranean. During this period in the 15th and 16th centuries, the Ottoman Empire entered a long period of conquest and expansion, extending its borders deep into Europe and North Africa. These Ottoman conquests allowed them control of many ports and sole access to the Black Sea, and trade among the provinces increased . -
Period: Jan 1, 1528 to
books and the development of steam power IM
http://www.history-science-technology.com/notes/notes 1.htmTaqi al-Din Muhammad ibn Ma’ruf al-Shami al-Asadi (1526–1585 a renowned Turkish polymath: a scientist, astronomer, engineer, and inventor. He authored more than 90 books on astronomy, clocks, engineering, mathematics, mechanics, optics and natural philosophy One of his books (The Sublime Methods of Spiritual Machines) (1551), described the workings of a rudimentary steam engine and steam turbine, predating the more famous discovery of steam power by Giovanni Branca in 1629 -
Jan 1, 1550
decline and inflation beggins IM
As the empire reached its maximum size in the mid-1500s, their war gains began to dry up. Because of the empire’s large size, other nations were further and further away from the capital, making campaigns against those nations very expensive. Another economic aspect that affected the empire staring in the 1600s In 1580, 1 gold coin could be bought for 60 silver ones. 10 years later, in 1590, it would take 120 silver coins to buy one gold. And in 1640, it took 250 silver coins in order to buy one -
Period: to
Avaition IM
Hezarfen Ahmed Celebi was the first aviator to have made a successful flight with artificial wings between, 1630-1632. Hazarfun means expert in 1000 thousand sciences, a polymath. One of the three airports in Istanbul carries the name “Hezarfen Airfield -
trade IM
http://www.timetoast.com/timelines/china-timeline--9
Although officially the Ottoman Empire had no trade with anyone outside the Empire, the reality is quite different. Caravans left and arrived in Istanbul on a daily basis and there are numerous records of merchant ships moving between English and Ottoman ports. Silk was imported from byzantine and China and it was used for court garments and as currency to trade with other nations. -
transportation IM
By the late nineteenth century, an expanded railroad network began to provide access to interior lands of the empire. Although the first Ottoman rail lines were constructed by 1860s, the network was not yet extensive enough to make it a prominent mode of travel. Considering that by the 1850s the United States had 1,357 kilometers of railroad, while Great Britain possessed 9,800 kilometers, the Ottoman Empire was indeed very far -
constitutional monarchy
The Ottoman Empire had a constitutional monarchy in 1876-1878 and 1908-1918
A constitutional monarchy is a political system in which the head of state is a king or queen ruling to the extent allowed by a constitution.
Pretty much a royal ruled country: a country with a constitutional monarchy.
