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Métis-led Red River Resistance = Manitoba Act
1869-1870
• Métis-led Red River Resistance resulted in the Manitoba Act- this act established Manitoba as a bilingual province, education rights for Catholics and protestants, and Métis land rights along with the act specifying that the Métis would receive more than 500000 hectares of land in addition to the farms established along the Red River. -
Canada's Government Issued Scrip
1875-1879
• Canada’s government issued a document that could be exchanged for land and it was offered at the time of the Numbered Treaties (scrip), instead of establishing lands in Manitoba. -
Northwest Resistance Sought To Protect Métis Lands
1885
• The northwest resistance sought to protect Métis lands in what is now Saskatchewan as the railway and settlers moved into western Canada. For the Métis it was a way to assert their rights light the red river resistance. For Canada’s government it was an attempt to overthrow Canada’s authority. -
Métis Settlers Establishing Farms
1896-1910
• Métis settlers established farms a St. Paul des Métis near what is now St. Paul Alberta on land provided by the Catholic Church, although the Métis were not entitled to this land they had to leave when the settlement ended. -
Canada's Government provides Métis with land
1938
• L’Association des Métis de l’Alberta et des Territoires du Nord-Ouest lobbied Alberta’s government to set aside land for the Métis. • Alberta passed the Métis Population Betterment Act- which established 12 temporary Métis settlements• First time in history Canada’s government had provided the Métis with land. -
Temproary Settlements Closed
1940-1960
• The temporary settlements did not give the Métis control of land, when 4 of the settlements provided unsuitable for farming, hunting, or fishing, the settlements were closed an the land went back to the government of Alberta. -
Métis Lobby for Recognition
1982
• Métis lobbied for the recognition of Métis rights in Canada’s constitution. When the constitution was patriated, it included section 35, which recognizes the Métis as one of Canada’s Aboriginal peoples with rights. -
Métis Settlement Turns into Permanent Land Bases
1990
• Alberta’s government enacted legislation under which the Métis received the Métis settlement as a permanent land base with the right to manage their own affairs, the legislation included:-Constitution of Alberta amendment act-Metis settlement act-Metis settlement accord implementation act-Metis settlements land protection actin addition the Métis got the right to participate in the development of oil and gas resources on settlement lands. -
Métis Gain Rights Under Constitution
2003
• The Supreme Court ruled that the metis have the right to hunt and fish as one of Canada’s aboriginal’s people under the constitution. These rights recognize the unique relationship to the land of metis based on history and their inherent rights. -
Hunting and Fishing Rights
• The metis settlements general council and the metis nation of Alberta struck agreements with Alberta’s government recognizing Metis hunting and fishing rights; they ensured metis could hunt and fish for food without licenses. -
Land Promised but Never Recieved
• In April the metis in Manitoba launched a court case seeking compensation for land promised but never delivered in the Manitoba act. -
Métis Harvesting Rights
• The Alberta government put rules in place that restricted the metis harvesting rights
