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{Provincial Notes} - Canada’s first newspaper Halifax Gazette
This is Canada's first newspaper, established in Nova Scotia. This event is very important because it means that now Canadians have the ablitity to spread informations though news quickly. Primary source evidence: newspaper from 1752 -
{Wars & Battles} - Beginning of Seven Years War
The Seven Years War began in 1754, and ends on 1763 Feb 10th. This war was fought in Europe, India, America and at sea. It was the first global war. -
{Colonies & Settlements} - Anthony Henday travels west from Hudson Bay onto Plains, meets natives on horseback and sees Rocky Mountains
Hudson Bay, sometimes (usually historically) called Hudson's Bay, is a large body of saltwater in northeastern Canada, with a surface area of 1,230,000 square kilometres (470,000 sq mi).
The Rocky Mountains, commonly known as the Rockies, are a major mountain range in western North America. The Rocky Mountains stretch more than 3,000 miles (4,800 km) from the northernmost part of British Columbia, in western Canada, to New Mexico, in the southwestern United States. -
{Wars & Battles} - Siege of Louisbourg - The British capture Louisbourg from the French
The Siege of Louisbourg was a pivotal battle of the Seven Years' War (known in the United States as the French and Indian War) in 1758 that ended the French colonial era in Atlantic Canada and led directly to the loss of Quebec in 1759 and the remainder of French North America the following year. -
{Documents Acts & Treaties} - Treaty of Paris seals the fall of New France
Historical significance: ended the Seven Years’ War, and created the basis for the modern country of Canada. The Treaty of Paris, also known as the Treaty of 1763, was signed on 10 February 1763 by the kingdoms of Great Britain, France and Spain, with Portugal in agreement, after Britain's victory over France and Spain during the Seven Years' War.
Historical significance: created the basi for modern Canada. -
Murray becomes civil governor of Quebec
James Murray (21 January 1721, Ballencrieff, East Lothian, Scotland – 18 June 1794, Battle, East Sussex) FRS was a British soldier, whose lengthy career included service as colonial administrator and governor of the Province of Quebec and later as Governor of Minorca from 1778 to 1782. His term in Quebec was notably successful, and marked with excellent relationships with the conquered French-Canadians. who were reassured of their traditional rights and customs. -
Guy Carleton succeeds Murray as governor of Quebec
Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester, KB (3 September 1724 – 10 November 1808), known between 1776 and 1786 as Sir Guy Carleton, was an Anglo-Irish soldier and administrator. He twice served as Governor of the Province of Quebec, from 1768 to 1778, concurrently serving as Governor General of British North America in that time, and again from 1785 to 1795. -
Prince Edward Island separated
The date is unknown
Prince Edward Island, formerly part of Nova Scotia, becomes separate British colony -
{Colonies & Settlements} - Hudson’s Bay Company opened
The exact date is unknown
The Hudson’s Bay Company opens Cumberland House on the Saskatchewan river. -
{Documents Acts & Treaties} - Quebec Act is passed by British Parliament
The Quebec Act was designed to extend the boundaries of Quebec and guaranteed religious freedom to Catholic Canadians.
Cause and consequence: lead to today’s conflict between French and English Canadian.
Cause and consequence: lead to today’s conflict between French and English Canadian. -
{Wars & Battles} - The American Revolution begins gaining independence from Great Britain for the Thirteen Colonies
The American Revolution (1775-83) is also known as the American Revolutionary War and the U.S. War of Independence. The conflict arose from growing tensions between residents of Great Britain’s 13 North American colonies and the colonial government, which represented the British crown. -
Captain James Cook explores the Pacific Coast from Nootka, Vancouver Island, to the Bering Strait.
Captain James Cook, FRS, RN (7 November 1728– 14 February 1779) was a British explorer, navigator, cartographer, and captain in the Royal Navy. Cook made detailed maps of Newfoundland prior to making three voyages to the Pacific Ocean, during which he achieved the first recorded European contact with the eastern coastline of Australia and the Hawaiian Islands, and the first recorded circumnavigation of New Zealand. He was killed a year after in 1779 -
{Wars & Battles} - The American revolutionary war
Video clip The American revolutionary war ended on September 3rd, 1783 -
{Noteable Events} - Province of New Brunswick formed
Historical significance: the basis of modern Canada. It was created as a result of the partitioning of the British Colony of Nova Scotia in 1784. Fredericton is the capital, Moncton is the largest metropolitan (CMA) area and Saint John is the most populous city.
Historical significance: the basis of modern Canada. -
{Provincial Notes} - University of New Brunswick
Fredericton opens a Provincial Academy of Arts and Sciences, the germ of the University of New Brunswick. -
{Colonies & Settlements} - exploration of Alexander Mackenzie
At the behest of the North West Company, Alexander Mackenzie journeys to the Beaufort Sea, following what would later be named the Mackenzie River -
{Colonies & Settlements} - Upper and Lower Canada
Province of Lower Canada (Quebec) and Upper Canada (Ontario) formed -
{Exploration Discovery} - summer voyage of Captain George Vancouver
Captain George Vancouver starts summer voyages to explore the coast of mainland British Columbia and Vancouver Island -
{Provincial Notes} - York (now Toronto) is founded.
Exact date is unknown
York is founded by John Graves Simcoe, lieutenant-governor of Upper Canada.
Historical significance: formation of one of the busiest cities of modern Canada. -
{Provincial Notes} - capital of Upper Canada
York becomes the capital of Upper Canada -
{Provincial Notes} - First paper mill.
Exact date is unknown The first paper mill is established in Lower Canada, producing paper from cloth rags.
Historical perspectives: improve the ability of communication. -
{Documents Acts & Treaties} - Le Canadien
Le Canadien, a Quebec nationalist newspaper is founded -
{Exploration Discovery} - first steamboat
Fulton sails Hudson River in first steamboat. -
{Exploration Discovery} - exploration of Simon Fraser
Simon Fraser follows Fraser River to the Pacific -
{War & Battles} - war of 1812
United States declares war on Britain. -
{Wars & Battles} - Americans burn York
The Battle of York was fought on April 27, 1813. The Americans won a clear victory and burnt York. -
{Documents Acts & Treaties} - Treaty of Ghent
The Treaty of Ghent ends the War of 1812, returns the captured territory to the Americans -
{Documents Acts & Treaties} - Treaty 1818
Canada's border is defined as the 49th Parallel from Lake of the woods to the Rocky Mountains.(treaty 1818)
Historical significance: define the border of Canada. -
{Provincial Notes} - completion of canal
The Lachine Canal is completed
Continuity and change: water route use for transportation, still in use today. -
{Provincial Notes} - lighthouse on Lake Huron
Fort Gratiot Light, first on Lake Huron -
{Provincial Notes} - Miramichi Fire
Miramichi Fire kills more than 160 persons and consumes 6000 square miles of forest in New Brunswick
End in Oct. -
{Provincial Notes} - Rideau Canal
royal engineer Col. John By builds the Rideau Canal -
{Provincial Notes} - The Rideau Canal opens
the Rideau Canal built by royal engineer Col. John By opened
DATE-UNKNOWN -
{Provincial Notes} - rename of York
York is renamed Toronto -
{Provincial Notes} - first railway
the first railway in Canada opens, running from La Prairie to St. John’s, Quebec
Continuity and change: first railway that is still in use today, greatly improve the ability of ground transport. -
{Wars & Battles} - Upper Canada rebels
Upper Canada rebels scatter after militiamen attack and burn Montgomery’s Tavern -
{Provincial Notes} - found of Victoria and Vancouver Island
James Douglas of the Hudson’s Bay Company founds Victoria and Vancouver Island
DATE-UNKNOWN -
{Exploration Discovery} - Sir John Franklin
Sir John Franklin and his crew disappear in the Arctic while searching the Northwest Passage
Ethic dimensions: Sir John Franklin devote his life to the development of Canada. -
{Documents Acts & Treaties} - Oregon Treaty
Oregon Treaty sets the 49th parallel as the western Canada/U.S. boundary -
{Wars & Battles} - burn of parliament buildings
English Tory mob burns the parliament buildings in Montreal after Governor General Lord Elgin signs the rebellion Losses Bill -
{Notable Events} - postage stamps
The first Canadian postage stamps are printed -
{Provincial Notes} - construct railroad
St. Lawrence and Atlantic Railroad constructed -
{Provincial Notes} - rename of Bytown
Bytown is renamed Ottawa -
{Notable events} - capital of the Province of Canada
Queen Victoria names Ottawa as capital of the Province of Canada
DATE-UNKNOWN
Cause and consequence: Ottawa is now the capital of Canada. -
{Provincial Notes} - Stock Exchange
Toronto Stock Exchange founded -
{Documents Acts & Treaties} - Charlottetown Conference
Held in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island. Representitives from British North America colonies discuss Canadian Confederation -
{Documents Acts & Treaties} - British North America Act
Queen Victoria gives royal assent to the British North America Act
Historical significance: it is the core of Canada's constitution -
{Documents Acts & Treaties} - Treaty No.1
Treaty No.1 is signed -
{Documents Acts & Treaties} - Treaty No.2
Treaty No.2 is signed -
{Provincial Notes} - mounted police
North-west mounted police founded
Continuity and change: establish of armed force, and it is still protecting citizens. -
{Provincial Notes} - supreme Court
The supreme Court of Canada is created -
{Provincial Notes} - Great Fire
Great Fire of Saint John, New Brunswick -
{Notable Events} - National Anthem
O Canada first performed
Historical perspective: the symbol and spirit of Canadian. -
{Provincial Notes} - CPR
Canadian Pacific Railway incorporated -
{Notable Events} - standard time
Canada adpots Standard Time
DATE-UNKNOWN -
{Wars & Battles} - The North-West Rebellion
a violent, five-month insurgency against the Canadian government. An unsuccessful uprising by the Métis people under Louis Riel. -
{Governors & Prime Ministers} - Sir John A. Macdonald
Sir John A. Macdonald’s Conservatives win a fourth consecutive majority
DATE-UNKNOWN -
{Documents Acts & Treaties} - Criminal Code
Parliament passes the Criminal Code, a law that codifies most criminal offences and procedures in Canada. -
{Provincial Notes} - Manitoba Schools Question
a political crisis in the Canadian Province of Manitoba involving publicly funded separate schools for Roman Catholics and Protestants.
DATE UNKNOWN
Historical significance: one of the blasting fuse of conflict between French and English Canadians. -
{Governors & Prime Ministers} - Sir Mackenzie Bowell
Sir Mackenzie Bowell become prime minister -
{Wars & Battles} - Boer War
Series of Boer War started on Feburary 18th, 1900 -
{Notable Events} - loses of Alaska boundary dispute
Canada loses the Alaska boundary dispute when British tribunal representative Lord Alverstone sides with the U.S.. Silver is discovered in Northern Ontario. -
{Provincial Notes} - two provinces joining Confederation
Saskatchewan and Alberta join Confederation. Immigrants rush to settle in the plains, mainly as wheat farmers.
Historical significance: province joining Confederation to form the Canada we have today. -
{Notable Events} - J.A.D. McCurdy
J. A. D. McCurdy makes the first manned flight in the British Empire, at Baddect N.S. -
{Notable Events} - Royal Navy
Royal Canadian navy formed -
{Notable Events} - WWI
Britain declares war on Germany, automatically drawing Canada into the conflict (WWI)
Cause and consequence: pull Canada into the war, result in helping Canada gain its reputation. -
{Wars & Battles} - Second Battle of Ypres
Canadian troops in the Second Battle of Ypres hold against history's first major gas attack -
{Wars & Battles} - Private George Price
At 10:58 am Private George Price of the 28th Battalion is killed by a sniper. Two minutes later at 11:00 am the armistice came into effect. The war was over. -
{Provincial Notes} - Bloody Saturday
This day is called Bloody Saturday when police charged a demonstration of strikers during the Winnipeg General Strike, killing two and wounding twenty-seven others. -
{Exploration Discovery} - Bluenose
The Bluenose is launched at Lunenburg, Nova Scotia -
{Governors & Prime Ministers} - Mackenzie King
Mackenzie King and the Liberals win federal election
Historical significance: the longest serving Prime Minister of Canada -
{Documents Acts & Treaties} - Balfour Declaration
The Balfour Declaration defines British dominions as autonomous and equal in status -
{Notable Events} - Great Depression
North American stock markets crash and the Great Depression begins -
{Governors & Prime Ministers} - R.B. Bennett
The Conservatives under R.B. Bennett win federal election -
{Documents Acts & Treaties} - Statute of Westminister
The Statute of Westminister authorizes the Balfour Declaration, granting Canada full legislative authority in both internal and external affairs -
{Provincial Notes} - Bank of Canada
The Bank of Canada is created with a mandate to be the sole issuer of Canadian banknotes -
{Provincial Notes} - Trans Canada Air Lines
Trans Canada Air Lines (later Air Canada) begins regular flights
Continuity and change: citizens start having access to airplane. -
{Notable Events} - declare war on Japan
The Japanese attack the U.S. Naval base at Pearl Harbor, in Hawaii and Canada declares war on Japan -
{Notable Events} - Japanese were banished
About 22,000 Canadians of Japanese descent are stripped of non-portable possessions, interned and evacuated as security risks
Ethical dimensions: to protect the Canadian, kept Japanese Canadian away from the rest. -
{Notable Events} - nuclear reactor
The first Canadian nuclear reactor goes into operation -
{Provincial Notes} - one province join the Confederation
Newfoundland and Labrador joined Confederation as the tenth province -
{Provincial Notes} - TV broadcast
The first Canadian scheduled TV broadcast
Historical significance: new way of spreading information. -
{Provincial Notes} - National Library
The National Library is established in Ottawa -
{Governors & Prime Ministers} - John Diefenbaker
John Diefenbaker and the Conservatives win a minority government -
{Governors & Prime Ministers} - minority to largest majority
Diefenbaker's minority becomes the largest majority ever obtained in a federal election -
{Provincial Notes} - Jean Lesage
Liberals under Jean Lesage win provincial election in Quebec, inaugurating the Quiet Revolution which pressed for special status within Confederation -
{Notable Events} - Trans-Canada Highway
The Trans-Canada Highway opens
Historical significance: highway that cross Canada, increase the developing speed of rural region. -
{Notable Events} - new flag
Canada got its new maple leaf flag -
{Notable Events} - Canadian Armed Forces
The air force, army and navy are unified as the Canadian Armed Forces -
{Provincial Notes} - October Crisis
Start from Oct 5 to Dec 28
involved the kidnapping and murder of Pierre Laporte, a provincial cabinet minister and the kidnapping and subsequent release of James Cross, a British diplomat, by the FLQ members
Historical perspective: greater the gap between French and English Canadian. -
{Document Acts & Treaties} - War Measure Act
War Measure Act invoked, banning the FLQ and leading eventually to nearly 500 arrests -
{Governors & Prime Ministers} - Pierre Trudeau
Trudeau's Liberals win a majority government -
{Provincial Notes} - Rene Levesque
Rene Levesque and Parti Quebecois win a provincial election -
{Provincial Notes} - sovereignty association
Quebec voters reject "sovereignty association" in favor of renewed Confederation
Historical significance: Quebec wants to separate from Canada. -
{Notable Events} - repatriate Canada's constitution
The federal and provincial governments (except Quebec) agree on a method to repatriate Canada's constitution -
{Notable Events} - new Constitution Act
Canada gets a new Constitution Act including Charter of Rights and Freedoms -
{Notable Events} - United Nations award
Canada receives a United Nations award for sheltering world refugees
Youtube Video -
{Documents Acts & Treaties} - GST
the unpopular GST (Good and Services Tax) comes into effect
Continuity and change: introducing a new tax method which we are still using today. -
{Notable Events} - Charlottetown Accord
Canadian leaders adopt the Charlottetown Accord to reform Canada's constitution, but in a national referendum in October, Canadians rejected it -
{Documents Acts & Treaties} - NAFTA
the North American Free Trade Agreement comes into effect, linking Canada, United States, and Mexico in a new economic partnership -
{Provincial Notes} - 1995 referendum
Quebec votes in a referendum on sovereignty and federalists win a razor-thin victory.
