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451
The Council of Chalcedon
Convened by Pope Leo VIII -
The Bubonic plague
Plague victims had 50% of survival. -
The Reformation
Initiated by Luther, Calvin, Zwingli, and other Protestant reformers. -
The Council of Trent
Pope Paul III invoked council. -
The Counter-Reformation
A comprehensive effort of four major elements Ecclesiastical reconfiguration
Religious orders
Spiritual movements
Political dimensions (Inquisitions – an investigation into incorrect belief) -
The First Vatican Council
Dealt with contemporary problems with rationalism and materialism -
The Second Vatican Council
Several topics were covered during the council The nature and reform of the liturgy
The Word of God
Role of Priests and Bishops
The Media
The Church and how it relates with the modern world