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Martin Luther write the Ninety-Five Theses -
He was excommunicated (expelled from the Church) in 1521 and declared a heretic. -
The Bible of Luther translated in German -
William Tyndale translate the New Testament into English -
Henry VII has the legal power to annul marriage. -
Act of supremacy that founded the Anglican Church and made King Henry VIII the sole and supreme head of the church.
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Pilgrimage of Grace is the name given to a series of rebellions that broke out in Lincolnshire and East Yorkshire in 1536 and quickly spread to other parts of the north of England.
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On February 4, 1536, the Act of Union was signed, a series of parliamentary measures taken between 1535 and 1542, which integrated Wales into the English judicial and administrative systems.
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The Bible is officially in English.
The Matthew Bible, also known as Matthew's Version, was first published in 1537 under the pen name "Thomas Matthew" by John Rogers. It combined William Tyndale's New Testament and as much of the Old Testament as he was able to translate before being captured and executed. -
She was raised in France as a Catholic, was the widow of the French King Francis II.
In 1568, Mary was involved in a civil war in
Scotland, and had to flee to England. Elizabeth granted her shelter but kept her under close watch (virtually a prisoner in England for 19 years).
She died in February 1587 on the order of Elizabeth I -
Held in the Italian city of Trent = the symbol of counter reformation.
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- 9 years old when he got on the throne
- Protestant
- Died of tuberculosis at 15, left the country virtually bankrupt.
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The Book of Common Prayer (BCP) is the name given to a number of related prayer books used in the Anglican Communion and by other Christian churches historically related to Anglicanism. -
Mary I, also called Mary Tudor, byname Bloody Mary, was the first queen to rule England in her own right. She was known as Bloody Mary for her persecution of Protestants in a vain attempt to restore Roman Catholicism in England.
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Off the coast of Gravelines, France, Spain's so-called “Invincible Armada” is defeated by an English naval force under the command of Lord Charles Howard and Sir Francis Drake.
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Elizabeth I, born on September 7, 1533 at Placentia Palace in London and died on March 24, 1603 at Richmond Palace in the same city, was Queen of England and Ireland from 1558 until her death. Elizabeth was the daughter of King Henry VIII, and the fifth and last member of the Tudor dynasty on the English throne.
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- Every parish had to use the Book of Common Prayer
- People who did not attend an Anglican service were fined.
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The purpose of her speech was to address their concerns about pricing, based on the recent economic issues facing the country. But to everyone's surprise, Elizabeth instead used the occasion to express the love she felt for her subjects, and how she viewed her position as their queen. -
Promulgated in her first year—the Act of Supremacy, stating that the queen was “supreme governor” of the Church of England, and the Act of Uniformity, ensuring that English worship should follow The Book of Common Prayer—defined the nature of the English religious establishment. -
a love affair with Robert Dudley, 1rst earl of Leicester
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• stated the doctrine (religious belief) of the Church
• 3 important changes : a new ecclesiology (conception of the Church) / a new doctrine of Salvation (doctrine du salut) / a new definition of sacraments and of the mass
• still in use today -
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The Rising of the North of 1569, also called the Revolt of the Northern Earls or Northern Rebellion, was an unsuccessful attempt by Catholic nobles from Northern England to depose Queen Elizabeth I of England and replace her with Mary, Queen of Scots. -
Pope Pius V issued the papal bull “Regnans in Excelsis” -
The Pope excommunicate Queen Elizabeth -
Treason for anyone who said that Elizabeth I was not the true Queen of England. -
Act to retain the Queen’s Majesty’s Subjects in their due Obedience. -
The Babington Conspiracy, in 1586, was a Catholic plot to assassinate the Protestant queen Elizabeth Iʳᵉ in order to offer the throne of England to the Catholic Mary Iʳᵉ of Scotland. It led to Mary's execution. -
Mary Queen of Scots was executed by beheading at the age of 44 on the orders of her cousin, Elizabeth I of England. She was accused of plotting to assassinate Queen Elizabeth and sentenced to death. -
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The queen made this speech in Tilbury, Essex, in order to rally
the troops who were preparing to repel the invasion of the
Spanish Armada: -
coronation portrait of queen Elizabeth -
Conspiracy of a group of English Roman Catholics to blow up Parliament and King James I, his queen, and his eldest son on November 5, 1605. -
The Great Contract was a plan submitted to James I and Parliament in 1610 by Robert Cecil. It was an attempt to increase Crown income and ultimately rid it of debt. -
A new English translation of the Bible -
The Thirty Years’ War was a 17th-century religious conflict fought primarily in central Europe.
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After suffering a stroke, James died at his favorite hunting lodge, Theobalds. -
The Petition of Right was intended to define and curb the monarch's powers and included matters of taxation, the application of martial law, imprisonment without trial, and the billeting of troops on civilian households -
The three resolutions is a passage by the House of Commons. -
11 years when the King ruled without calling a parliament. Whig historians called it “The Eleven Years Tyranny”
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The introduction of the new book of common prayer set Scotland on fire
The modifications were deemed unacceptable (new position of the altar, kneeling, etc). -
During the 1630s, Charles attempted to unify the administration of the churches of England and Scotland by forcing Archbishop Laud's episcopalian reforms through without consulting the clergy or the Scottish parliament.
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Treaty that ended the Second Bishop's War between Charles I of England and the Scots. -
The Irish Rebellion of 1641 began as an attempted coup d'état, led by the Irish Catholic gentry. -
The want parliament want the army to be placed under the control of a general appointed by Parliament
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The Grand Remonstrance was a long, wide-ranging document that listed all the grievances perpetrated by the King's government in Church and State since the beginning of his reign. -
English Civil Wars were a series of civil wars and political machinations between Parliamentarians ("Roundheads") and Royalists ("Cavaliers") led by Charles I
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Five members (act. 1641) refers to the five members of the House of Commons whom Charles I attempted but failed to detain on January 4, 1642 for high treason. They were Sir Arthur Hesilrige, William Strode, Denzil Holles, John Pym, and John Hampden. -
The royal battle banner was hoisted over Nottingham Castle on August 22, 1642. The first Civil War officially began with King Charles I's declaration of war against Parliament.
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A new army created in 1644 by the Parliamentarians. -
The First English Civil War's Battle of Naseby took place on June 14, 1645, close to the village of Naseby in Northamptonshire. -
Charles I Surrenders To The Scots Army -
The New Model Army seize the King. -
The King escapes from army custody and ally himself with the Scots (he promised to introduce Presbyterianism/Calvinism into England, in return the Scottish army would invade England and restore him to power)
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Pride's Purge was the occasion in which Colonel Thomas Pride of the Unused Show Armed force persuasively evacuated individuals of the British House of Commons who did not bolster the Grandees, i.e., the senior officers of the Armed force, or the devout development of the Independents. -
The Second Civil War was made of a series of revolts in the South of England, Wales and Scotland
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England was declared a Commonwealth.
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Charles was convicted of treason and executed on 30 January 1649 outside the Banqueting House in Whitehall. -
The interregnum in the British Isles began with the execution of Charles I in January 1649 (and from September 1651 in Scotland) and ended in May 1660 when his son Charles II was restored to the thrones of the three realms, although he had been already acclaimed king in Scotland since 1649. During this time the monarchial system of government was replaced with the Commonwealth of England.
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On his 30th birthday Charles II returns to London from exile in the Netherlands to claim the English throne after the Puritan Commonwealth comes to an end -
The Act of Uniformity of 1662 was an act passed by the Parliament of England during the reign of Charles II. The act required all to practice the rites and ceremonies prescribed by the Church of England. It also established episcopal ordination for all ministers of religion.
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The Great Plague of London of 1665 was an epidemic of bubonic plague that struck the city of London, England, killing approximately 75,000 people, or about 20% of its population. -
Rumour of a plot organised by the French to murder Charles II and replace him by his Catholic brother James II -
Exclusion Crisis was the name given to the crisis over the succession that developed in England in the aftermath of Titus Oates's revelations in the summer of 1678 of a "popish plot" to murder Charles II (ruled 1660–1685) and massacre English Protestants.
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he Glorious Revolution, also called “The Revolution of 1688” and “The Bloodless Revolution,” took place from 1688 to 1689 in England. It involved the overthrow of the Catholic king James II, who was replaced by his Protestant daughter Mary and her Dutch husband, William of Orange. -
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The Bill of Rights is the first 10 Amendments to the Constitution. It spells out Americans’ rights in relation to their government. It guarantees civil rights and liberties to the individual—like freedom of speech, press, and religion. -
The Act of Settlement 1701 is an English law enacted by the British Parliament in 1701, which guaranteed the succession to the crown of England to members of the Protestant family of the Dukes of Hanover, related to the Stuarts through the marriage of Elizabeth Stuart's daughter Sophie to Ernest Augustus of Hanover. -
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The Acts of Union, passed by the English and Scottish Parliaments in 1707, led to the creation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain on 1 May of that year.
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The term Gin Craze refers to a period in the early 18thᵉ century when gin became popular with the British working class, specifically in London. -
The Seven Years' War, which took place from 1756 to 1763, was a major conflict in the history of Europe, the first that could be called a "world war".
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The Declaration of Independence is a document that officially records the proclamation that the United States is an independent country from Great Britain. -
The Treaty of Paris ended the Revolutionary War between Great Britain and the United States, recognized American independence and established borders for the new nation. -
The wars of the French Revolution are the conflicts that involved revolutionary France against other European countries, often coalesced, during the period between 1792 and the Treaty of Amiens of 1802, the first phase of the Wars of Coalitions.
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The Irish Rebellion of 1798 was an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow British rule in Ireland. -
act of union of 1801 which united the kingdom of Great Britain and the kingdom of Ireland creating the united kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.