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The Maya culture flourished in the El Peten region from 600 BCE to 800 CE. They were expert builders and constructed the cities of Tikal and Copan. Another great acheivement were the six pyramids that they built, and the tallest stands at 230 feet tall. In the 1500's the Spanish had conquered almost all of the Maya.
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The Olmec were the earliest Mesoamerican civilization to develop an advanced civilization.
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The Aztec arrived in what is now Mexico City in 1200 CE, they found an island in Lake Texcoco where they built one of their accomplishments Tenochittlan. They established a royal dynasty and used Chinampas which are rafts cover in dirt.
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The Inca lived along the west coast of South America. They created a complex government, but there was no written language. They might have encountered the Mayas. The Inca civilization still exists today.
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Spanish forces under Hernán Cortés capture Tenochtitlán, the capital of the Aztec empire.
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He had many advanced weapons and conquered them during a civil war.
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The Incas were forced to do labor and put under his harsh rule
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Written during the English Civil War, it argues for a social contract and rule by an absolute sovereign. Hobbes wrote that civil war and the brute situation of a state of nature could be avoided only by strong, undivided government.
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The Second Treatise outlines a theory of civil society. Locke begins by describing the state of nature, a picture much more stable than Thomas Hobbes' state of "war of every man against every man," and argues that all men are created equal in the state of nature by God.
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By issuing the Declaration of Independence, adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, the 13 American colonies severed their political connections to Great Britain. The Declaration summarized the colonists' motivations for seeking independence.
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The basic principle of the Declaration was that all “men are born and remain free and equal in rights”, which were specified as the rights of liberty, private property, the inviolability of the person, and resistance to oppression.
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With the aid of the British, the rebels scored a major victory against the French force there, and on November 9, 1803, colonial authorities surrendered. In 1804, General Dessalines assumed dictatorial power, and Haiti became the second independent nation in the Americas.
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The Congress declared Venezuela's independence on 5 July 1811, establishing the Republic of Venezuela. Even before the Congress began its sessions in November 1810, a civil war started between those who supported the juntas, and eventually independence, and royalists who wanted to maintain the union with Spain.
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The first governments did not fully achieve independence, but their main goal was to separate from Bonaparte's government. Individuals who were set on independence brought the Gran Colombian Revolution upon them. ... Simon Bolivar confirmed independence in the Republic of Gran Colombia in 1822.
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In August 1820 the army of San Martín was transported toward Peru, convoyed by warships under Lord Cochrane. Within a year San Martín was able to occupy the capital, and on July 28, 1821, he proclaimed the independence of Peru from Spain. On August 3 he accepted the position of supreme protector of Peru.
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The Mexican War of Independence was an armed conflict and political process, lasting from 1808 to 1821, resulting in Mexico's independence from Spain. It was not a single, coherent event, but local and regional struggles that occurred within the same time period, and can be considered a revolutionary civil war.
