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Petition of Rights
Parliament formed a committee who wrote a Petition of Rights which was given to King Charles I. The Petition was made to protect the people from further taxation unauthorized by Parliament. Charles signed the document reluctantly. -
Ship Money
Ship money was a new tax mainly paid by cosrtal towns to maintain the Royal Navy. Charles wanted more money, so he made the inland towns pay ship money as well. -
Short Parliament
The new parliament would not allow Charles to create new taxes until he agreed to get rid of ‘ship money’. The King said that the only way he would abandon the ship money tax was if he received funds to go back to war with Scotland. Parliament refused to grant the King money and was dismissed after three weeks, hence the name Short Parliament. The Short Parliament helped push towards a more democratic society in the English Revolution. -
Oliver Cromwell
Oliver Cromwell was elected to Parliament for both the Short and Long Parliaments. He openly criticized Charles and the Church of England. In the English Civil War, he sided with the Roundheads. Oliver Cromwell was a key part in the revolution. -
Long Parliament
The long parliament was made to pass financial bills and taxes. Charles also needed money to win the second Bishop’s War against the Scots. In order to get these funds, Charles had no other choice but to approve the Long Parliament. The Long Parliament lasted from 1640-1648 but was then removed by the New Model Army. -
Grand Remonstrance
The Grand Remonstrace was a document, made by John Pym, that listed parliament's complaints against the King since the begining of his reign. -
Start of the English Civil War
Charles raised his standard at Nottingham formally declaring war. -
Surrender to the Scots
Charles I surrenderes to the Scots. -
Surrender of Oxford
Charles I's capital, Oxford, is surrendered to Parliament. -
Charles I imprisoned
The Scots later handed Charles I over to parliament. He was imprisoned in Holdenby House, Northamptonshire. -
Charles escapes
Charles I escaped from imprisonment of the New Model Army. He fled to Carisbrooke Castle, Isle of Wight. -
Charles recaptured
Charles was recaptured and sent to Windsor Castle. -
Rump Parliament
The Rump Parliament began on June 6, 1649 and was supported by the New Model Army. They declared themselves "the supreme power in this nation." The Rump Parliament gave parliament the right to make new Acts of Parliament without consent of the king. -
Trial of King Charles I began
King Charles I was tried for treason by a High Court of Justice. The court found Charles guilty and sentenced him to death. -
Execution of King Charles I
King Charles I was beheaded, outside Whitehall Palace, London. He was buried in St George's Chapel, Windsor.
