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I would argue that a change occurred for the Great Depression. Early 1929 there was a severe drought that caused Canadian prairies and the people living in Western Canada to suffer. It took a major toll on their economy too because people were dependent on crops which led to stock markets crashing. When summer of 1937 came around, rain returned, crops survived, farmers returned to their farms, but it wasn’t until 1939 when Canada fully got out of the great depression and people got jobs again.
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The Great Depression (1929-1939) was a period in time when Canada was on an economic decline. Canadian’s suffered from famine, poverty, and unemployment. The economic decline was caused by a world-wide stock market crash. Alongside the critical economic struggle, the drought that started in Western Canada caused farmland to dry out and affect harvest, making the situation even worse. That resulted in farmers losing their only source of income when the drought ruined the crops, and- -
there were only a few other jobs for Canadians. Rain managed to return In the summer of 1937 but not all of their problems were immediately solved. It took a long time for the soil to recover and there was still a poor market for many crops, however new farming practices and policies were created to stop a drought of this magnitude from happening again. Finally, Canada was fully out of the Great Depression at the beginning of World War II.
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The immigration of Chinese-Canadians is an example of continuity. Previously, Canada made life hard for Chinese people who wanted to immigrate to Canada by imposing the Chinese Immigration Act of 1923, as well as head taxes. When China assisted Canada in the declaration of war against Japan in 1941, the hostility towards them seemed to have lessened, however Chinese immigrants were still treated inequitably. -
This isn’t enough to say that a change occurred, especially when it wasn’t until years later when Canada repealed the Chinese Immigration Act. -
One of the largest ethnic groups in the country are Chinese Canadians. It is unfortunate how Chinese people were greatly discriminated against with many European Canadians who were hostile to Chinese immigration. However, there was a turning point in Chinese Canadian history during 1939 due to the outbreak of the Second World War. Proving one’s loyalty, patriotism, and gaining the right to vote was a volunteering opportunity for service for the war. -
Another turning point was in 1941, the war against Japan. Now Canada and China were allied fighting against the same enemy together. Chinese communities greatly contributing to Canada’s war effort helped grow to esteem for the Chinese community’s war effort in military service and lessened the hostility. In addition, the Chinese Immigration Act was repealed by Canada, but that wasn’t until later on.
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There was a big change in the roles of women in Canadian society during WWII. Women were looked down upon and got paid less than men despite the long hours of labour. Nonetheless they were in need to support the war efforts and serve in the military. By working hard they were acknowledged and its own women’s forces was created in 1941-42, forever changing the military. -
Canada has been involved in many wars and as the nature of these wars have changed over time, so has their effect on Canadian women. Women have also been actively involved during these wars, taking on different roles to increase involvement of Canadian women in the military. On August 13, 1941, the government enlisted thousands of women in support for roles of the armed forces due to the tightening supply of manpower for the increasing Canadian forces. -
Unfortunately, segregation by gender remained obvious but it was still a step forward. During this time, women started out as cooks, nurses, and seamstresses, but later trained as drivers and mechanics. It was in 1942 that the Women's Royal Canadian Naval Service was established as the third women's military corps. Wartime bureaucracy set the stage for women to serve as an official part of the military outside of nursing, and many women went on to enter other military services.
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Ballantyne, Annie. “Western Canadians During the Great Depression.” Sutori, https://www.sutori.com/story/western-canadians-during-the-great-depression--xGruX46aq7KgekUPyA1CZMKG.
Chan, Anthony. “Chinese Canadians.” The Canadian Encyclopedia, 22 May 2019, https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/chinese-canadians.
Chan, Arlene. “Chinese Immigration Act.” The Canadian Encyclopedia, 17 March 2017, https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/chinese-immigration-act. -
Chenier, Nancy Miller. “Canadian Women and War.” The Canadian Encyclopedia, 7 February 2006, https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/women-and-war.
Dundas, Barbara, and Serge Durflinger. “The Canadian Women's Army Corps, 1941-1946.” Canadian War Museum, https://www.warmuseum.ca/learn/dispatches/the-canadian-womens-army-corps-1941-1946/#tabs.
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