-
-
Calvinsim and Catholicsm had become highly combative religions. They were attempting to eliminate each others powers. They were aggresive at converting people to their religion.
-
Philip II led a holy league of Christians againt the Turks. This led to a victory in the Battle of Lepanto in 1571. The attack was aimed to remove heretics and Catholicism.
-
King Henry was the Huguenot the political leader, succeeded to the throne. He converted to Catholicism from Protestent. When he was crowned king, the fighting in France came to an end.
-
Economic Slowdown began in parts of Europe due to inflation. Spain became dependent on silver. The Mayan's were unable to produce silver however. There was a loss in Jewish and Muslim artisans and merchants.
-
The Tudor Dynasty ended with the death of Queen Elizabeth I. The Stuart Line of rulers began when the King of Scotland took the throne and became King James I. He began the divine right of kings.
-
In the Holy Roman Empire, Catholic forces and Protestant nobles began the first war between the two religions. Denmark, Sweeden, France, and Spain entered the war and it became more political than religious. Peopl began fighting for leadership rather tan different religions.
-
Parliament passed the Petition of Right. It placed limits on kings' ability to tax, imprison citizens without cause, quarter troops, and institute material law.
-
Oliver Cromwell convinced Parliament to execute Charles I. The execution horrified much of Europe. Cromwell and the Parliament began to take control of England.
-
Many women were accused of witchcraft because of hysteria caused by population decrease and economic decline. By 1650 the hysteria lessened as governments grew stronger and attitude were changing towards witchcraft.
-
Thomas Hobbes publishes the Leviathan to try to deal with the problem of disorder. He was alarmed by the revolutionary upheavals in England. He argued that humans were guided by a ruthless struggle for self preservation.
-
Louis XIV took over supreme power after the death of his minister. He stated his desire to be a real king and the soul leader of France. His key to power was his control of the central policy making machinery of government.
-
James II became king after the death of Charles I. He was an open Catholic. This caused religion once more to become a conflict between the King and the Parliament.
-
Parliament offered the throne to William and Mary. They accepted it along with the Bill of Rights. The Bill contained many of the same ideas as the Petition of Right.
-
Peter the Greate became czar of the Romanov Dynasty. He was an absolute monarch who claimed the divine right to rule. He wanted to Westernize Russia and modernized his army and navy.
-
The Sun King died and left France surrounded by enemies. He left many of the French people in poverty. He told his successor not to imitate the way that he ruled.
