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James Charles Stuart (James VI) became the king of Scotland (1567-1625) and king of England (James I, 1603-1625) until his untimely death on 1625. Being king of both Scotland and England brought unity to both countries. During James’ reign, the famous The Mayflower ship sailed to America (1620)
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A group of representatives, each elected from each county in Virginia. First met on July 30, 1619
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A set of rules created by the English settlers to self-governate.
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Became a royal colony
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Became a royal colony
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Charles I reigned Britain from 1625-1649. During his reign, the English Civil war began and lasted for 4 years. Charles I was tried by the House of Commons, found guilty, and was set to die on January 30, 1649.
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Became a royal colony
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Became a royal colony
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became royal colony
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England, Wales, Ireland and Scotland were all ruled as a republic. Years after Charles I’s execution, Oliver Cromwell was named the Lord Protector of England. Later, of Ireland after 4 years of campaigning, brought Ireland under his reign. In less than a year, Cromwell would go to Scotland and bring it under his control also. Until his death.
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The English Parliament wanted to get as much control possible and overlook the trade between the colonies and the world. The main idea of the Navigation Act was all goods imported and exported were to be carried by English ships.
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4 years before starting his reign, Cromwell proclaimed Britain a republic ‘The Commonwealth’. Before becoming Lord Protector (of England, Scotland, and Ireland) from 1653-1658, Oliver Cromwell was active in the Parliament, and was even part of the Civil War by organizing armed forces.
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Richard Cromwell was Oliver’s third son but was appointed second ruling. After serving for 9 months (1658-1659), he was persuaded to resign, probably due to his lack of knowledge on military, which made it harder to get respect.
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During his reign from 1660-1685, new buildings were built due to two disasters: the Great Plague (1665) and the Great Fire of London (1666). One building that can still be seen today is St. Paul’s Cathedral. Nevertheless, Charles II is said to have been a weak king.
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Nathaniel Bacon went up to William Berkeley and asked to help him get the Native Americans back to being practically slaves. However, Berkeley did not want to attack the Native Americans, leading to Bacon and others to run Berkeley out of Virginia and attacking Native Americans.
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Became a royal colony
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Became a royal colony
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James II and VII of Scotland was exiled after the Civil War. His reign only lasted three years, from 1685 to 1688.
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William of Orange led 450 ships to Devon on November 5th, 1688. After recruiting local support, his army was made of 20,000 soldiers. William defeated James II army after his attempt of reclaiming the throne. William had the Crown for life after the death of Mary in 1694.
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Became a royal colony
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Became a royal colony
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The Salem Witch Trials were trials that started in 1692 and ended in 1693. In Salem Village, Massachusetts, women started to claim they were possessed by the Devil and accused other women of practicing witchcraft. However, not only women accused, but men and children were also tried. After a few months, people started to oppose the horrible trials against the accused people. So much so that the Massachusetts General Court repealed the guilty verdicts.
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Became a royal colony
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When Anne was 37 years old, she succeeded to the throne from 1702 to 1714. During her reign, the United Kingdom of Great Britain came to be. Anne was only able to have 1 child, William, out of 17 pregnancies. However, he died from smallpox when he was 11.
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Even though George I could barely speak English, his reign lasted 13 years (1714-1727).
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Just like his father, George II depended on Sir Robert Walpole to rule the country from 1727 to 1760.
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Became a royal colony
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A law passed in 1733 where tax was force on molasses, sugar, and rum exporting to the thirteen colonies in America. It was a way to control the American sugar market to meet the needs of Britain to be able to keep up with other countries such as France. The act was later changed minimally due to the high protests from the American colonists.
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Became a royal colony
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A conference in Albany where the British colonies located in America wanted to come together and join forces against France. Only seven colonies sent delegates to the meeting, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Pennsylvania, New Hampshire, New York, and Maryland.
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Otherwise known as Seven Year’s War, the French and Indian War all started because the borders in North America were not specifically defined, and the dispute over the Ohio River Valley was the start of it all. With the Treaty of Paris, France lost almost all its land in North America to Britain, making Britain the dominant power over the land.
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Pontiac attacked a British force in Detroit after realizing they were far worse than the French. Ojibwas, Potawatamis, Wyandots, and primarily of Ottawas all followed Chief Pontiac’ siege.