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Ivan's wife died in 1560 and he blammed the boyars of poisoning his wife. Ivan turned against them. Ican executed many boyars, their families, and the peasants who worked their lands.
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Phillip the second was very religious. Europe was experiencing religious wars caused by the reformation. Phillip believed that it was his duty to defend Catholicism against the muslims.
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It sparked a six-week, nationwide slaughter of Huguenots in Paris. It occured when many of the Huguenots were in Paris for Catherine's wedding to Huguenot Prince Henry of Navarre. Most of the nobles died, but Henry survived.
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When Catherine and her last son died, Prince Henry inherited the throne. He proved himself to be decisive, fearless in battle, and a clever politician. He declared the Edict of Nantes. Which allowed the Huguenots to live in peace in France and set up their own houses of worship in some cities. He restored the French monarchy to a strong position.
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This declared that the Huguenots could live in peace in France and set up their own houses of worship in some cities.
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His worst struggles were with money. The Puritans hope he would enact reforms to purify the English church of Catholic practices.
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He was ambitious and enjoyed exercising authority. He took two steps in improving the Bourbon monarchy. First, he moved against Huguenots. Second, he sought to weaken the nobles' power.
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He became king from his father's assassination in 1610.
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A conflict over religion and territory and for power among European ruling families. The war can be divided into two main phases: the phase of Hapsburg triumphs and the phase of Hapsburg defeats.
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Charles was in need of money at all time because he was at war with both Spain and France.
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Supporters and opponents of King Charles fought the Cavaliers. They faced the Puritan supporters of Parliament.
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His reign lasted 72 years and ended because of his death in 1715.
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He was the most powerful ruler in French history. He was only four years old when he began his reign.
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Germanys population dropped from 20 million to 16 million because of the war. Trade and agriculture were disrupted. The Peace of Westphalia was what ended the war in 1648. Some of the consequences of the treaty were; weakend the Haspburg states of Spain and Austria; Strengthened France by awarding it German territory; made German princes independent of the Holy Roman emperor.
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He abolished the monarchy and the House of Lords in 1649. He established a republican form of government.
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The period of Charles II's rule over England, after the collapse of Oliver Cromwell's government.
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Peter the Great contined the trend of increasing the czar's power. Peter had a goal to make Russia stronger which was westernization; using western Europe as a model for change.
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It was proof of Louis XIV's absolute power and it cost around $2.5 billion.
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Glorious Revolution is known as the bloodless overthrow of King James II.
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To make clear the limits of royal power, Parliament drafted the Bill of Rights. The document listed many things that a ruler could not do.
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England, Austria, the Dutch Republic, Portugal and several German and Italian states joined together to prevent the union of the French and Spanish thrones.
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He followed the military policies that his father went by. He encouraged religious toleration and legal reform.
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Her main enemy was Prussia and she faced many years of war.
