9.1 French revolution

  • The Estates-General Convenes

    The Estates-General, representing the clergy, nobility, and common people, met to address the financial crisis, marking the beginning of the revolution.
  • Storming of the Bastille

    Parisian revolutionaries stormed the Bastille prison, a symbol of royal tyranny, leading to widespread unrest and marking the start of the Revolution.
  • Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

    The National Assembly adopted this seminal document, asserting the equality and rights of all citizens, a foundational moment in French democracy.
  • Reign of Terror

    A period of intense political repression and mass executions, led by Robespierre and the Committee of Public Safety.
  • Execution of Louis XVI

    King Louis XVI was executed by guillotine, signaling the radicalization of the Revolution and the end of the monarchy.
  • Robespierre's Execution

    Robespierre, a key figure in the Reign of Terror, was arrested and executed, leading to the end of the radical phase of the Revolution.
  • Napoleon's Coup d'État

    General Napoleon Bonaparte staged a coup, establishing the Consulate and paving the way for his rise to power.
  • Napoleon Becomes Emperor

    Napoleon crowned himself Emperor of the French in a grand ceremony, ending the revolutionary era.
  • Congress of Vienna

    European powers met to restore order and reestablish monarchies in post-revolutionary France and Europe.
  • July Revolution

    A new revolution led to the overthrow of the Bourbon monarchy, resulting in the July Monarchy and further political changes.