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Politics and Law - War of 1812
1812-1815
The was of 1812 was a conflict between Britain and the United States. Due to the fact that Canada was a colony of Britain it was invaded a lot. The war contributed to the first sense of national identity for Canada. It laid the foundation for nationhood and gave Canada a sense of community. It also caused the other countries to notice Canada more. -
Society and Culture - Immigration
1815-1850
There were over 800,000 Euopean immigrants coming to Canada. About 60% of them were British, which is the reason English is the main lanuage. By the end of the immigration the British outnumberd the French, which caused tenrion between the two. -
Politics and Law - Hudsons Bay Company
The merger of the Hudsons Bay Company and the Northwest Company. The merger changed the traditions and saved money. British North America was divided into different trading departments, and then into districts. The managers met anually with the governor in North America and passed regulations governing trade, deployment of men and posts, and established the logistical requirements of various districts. -
Politics and Law - Hudsons Bay Company
The Hudons Bay Company began providing government for Red Reiver Settlers and on Vancouver Island. The HBC resumed jurisdiction and until the transfer to Canada, provided government to Selkirks colony -
Politics and Law - Rebellions of 1837-1837
The Rebellions of Upper and Lower Canada. They showed how the population was feeling and caused the British government to take notice. Even though they were unsuccessful they were the reason Lord Durham came to Canada and wrote the Durham Report. -
Politics and Law - Durham Report
1838-1839
Lord Durham (John Lambton) came to British North America to investigate the rebellions. He proposed the creation of a supreme court, responsible government, resolution of land in PEI, and the union of Upper and Lower Canada. This changed the way Canada was run and helped towards the confederation. -
Politics and Law - Colonial Government
1792-1841
Colonial government was Canadas government for a long time. The people had very little to no say in what was going on. Canada was indirectly run by Britaian. The power was in the hands of a small group of wealthy people. -
Politics and Law - Seigneural System
1627-1854
The form of land distribution in New France. It was based on the feudal system and about 75-80% of the population lived on the seigneural system until the mid-19th century. -
Economy and Technology - Cariboo Gold Rush
The gold rush brought many miners to Canada. They all had to have shelter and food and the spending of money helped the economy. However the new businesses and taking of jobs from Canadians hurt them financially. It was also difficult to properly tax the people coming and going. -
Politics and Law - Manifest Destiny
Maifest Destiny was the idea that America should control all of North America. The Canadians were fearful of American annexation and this was a leading factor for confederation. This fear was heightened during and after the American Civil War because their army had more soldiers than the total population of Canada and could have easily invaded and takn over. Manifest Destiny effected the decisions of the Canadian government and its people due to their fear and unwillingness to join America. -
Economy and Technology - Cariboo Wagon Road
Construction of the Cariboo Wagon Road began. The road was to help to ease the travel for the miners and provide a government presence. Unfortunately by the time it was finished the gold rush was in decline and British Columbia was left in debt. -
Society and Culture - Red River Rebellion
1867-1870
The rebellion was between the Metis and the Canadian government. The Metis wanted their rights respected and their way of life protected. Although they got their rights recognized and got a disticnt province they were at a disadvantage and eventually led to them moving farther west. -
Politics and Law - Confederation
In 1867 the Confederation British North America Act passed. The Canadian confederation was the joining of the colonies. Canada did not want to become a part of America and they were struggling politically, so they were more willing to join together. Due to the Confederation the way the government was run had to change. -
Politics and Law - The Manitoba Act
The Manitoba Act was welcomed by many Metis. A large amount of the act was based on the Metis Bill of Rights. It seemed to protect the Metis rights and made Manitoba a province. However it was under the control of Ottowa and the provisional government. -
Economy and Technology - CPR
The Canadian Pacific Railway was formed in 1871. The CPR was an all Canadian railway that would help the provinces of Canada communicate as well as help the economy. Due to the ability to have a fast and efficient way to travel, they would be able to trade more easily with one another. This also created jobs for many Candians. -
Economy and Technology - Pacific Scandal
The Pacific Scandal casued John A. Macdonald to resign. This post poned the creation of the CPR because the Liberal leader, Alexander Mackenzie, thought it was a waste of time and money. After some time Mackenzie allowed the CPR to continue after British Columbia threatened to withdraw from the Confederation. -
Politics and Law - The North West Mounted Police
The Government created the North West Mounted Police. They were the police force for the Northwest. The NWMP would enforce the law and established Canadian presence in the region. They are still arounf today, although they are known as the RCMP. -
Society and Culture - North West Rebellion
Due to the Metis/ Aboriginals rising fear and insecurity they rebelled. The Metis were evetually defeated by the government. This event helps us to understand the Metis, due to the fact that even though they knew they would lose, they wanted to go down fighting. The Metis refused to simply lose their culture and land without a fight. -
Economy and Technology- CPR Head Tax
After the railway was finished Canada was no longer in need t=of Chinese labour. To slow down immigration each Chinese immigrant had to pay $50 for entry into Canada. It slowed down immigration, which allowed for Canadians to get the jobs the Chinese would do for less money. -
Economy and Technology - Canadian Pacific Railway
The Canadian Pacific Railway was completed. Now the provinces would be able to beging travelling and trading with one another. Trade would increase and it would help with the economic depression. -
Politics and Law- Louis Riel
In 1885 Louis Riel was exectued for treason. Riel had been involved in both the Red River Rebellion and they Northwest Uprising. Louis Riel wanted fair rights for the Metis and helped to write the Metis Bill of Rights. -
Economy and Technology - Yukon Gold Rush
In 1897 the Yukon Gold Rush began. When people came they ended up having to stay through the winter because the summer was so short. The population went up significantly and brought about a rapid development for the Yukon Territory that otherwise would have been a slow process. The gold found helped provide a flow of money, and the more people meant they could raise the prices and expand markets for Canadian products. -
Economy and Technology - Automoblies
As cars became more affordable, more of them appeared on Canadian roads. Many of the responses were postive and they made lengthy trips much easier. They made what would have been tiring trips, as well as shorter trips, easier for many people. Although many were produced in America some Canadian companies quickly went into production. -
Environment and Geography - Migration in country
racial prejudice was very common during this time. Some French-Canadians feared they would lose thier culture becasue they were becoming a ssmaller percent of the population. Some British Canadians feared the immigrants would change the British character of Canada. -
Environment and Geography - Migration in Country
Many employers inthe mines, forests, and canneries encouraged Asian Imigrants. They would accept less pay than the other workers, and many British Columbians felt their jobs were threatened. Frank Oliver became federal Minister of the Interior and wanted to reduce the number of immigrants. They then began to restrict the number of Asian immigration.
