1235 - 1490: Béla IV, Charles Robert, Louis I, Sigismund of Luxemburg, Wladyslaw of Jagiello, János Hunyadi, Matthias Hunyadi

Andrew II died

1235

his succcessor: Béla IV

reign of Béla IV

Period: 1235 to 1270

Brother Julianus

1237

went back to Magna Hungaria to find the ancestors of the Hungarians
on his way back he brought new about the upcoming Tartar Invasion

Mongols attacked Hungary

1241

in March

battle at Muhi

1241

in April
Mongol victory
Béla IV fled to Dalmatia

Mongols left Hungary

1242

Khan Ogoday died and Batu left to fight for the throne
Mongol war tatctic: attack - retreat - final attack

Royal Decree on Royal Servants

1267

Béla IV issued a Royal Decree that inentified the Royal Servants as nobles: they became the lesser nobility

Árpád dynasty died out

1301

Andrew III was the last ruler

INTERREGNUM

Period: 1301 to 1308

a period of discontinuity in the government
- 3 kings but no legal coronation: 3 claimants
-winner: Charles Robert

Anjou / Angevin dynasty started in Hungary

1308

Charles Robert from Naples came to the Hungarian throne

Reign of Charles I

Period: 1308 to 1342

Charles Robert was officially crowned

1310

Ladislaus Kán took the the Holy Crown so he was crowned only in 1310

Rozgony

1312

Charles I defeated Máté Csák and the Abas

Visegrád Meeting

1335

Kingdom of Hungary
Bohemia
Poland
-dynastic treaty
-mutual defence union

Charles I died

1342

his eldest so Louis inherited the throne: he was a knight king

Reign of Louis I

Period: 1342 to 1382

Louis I's first war against Naples

1347

revenge war becuase of the murder of his brother

Louis I's second war against Naples

1350

successful but couldn't hold Naples long because of the distance it was hard to supply and the Pope didn't want him to become to powerful

Laws of 1351

1351

1. Confirmed the Golden Bull
2. law of "one and the same liberty"
3. Law of Entail

Battle of Nicopolis

1366

Louis I's war against the Ottomans

Personal union with Poland

1370

Louis I became the Polish king as well

Reign of Sigismund of Luxemburg

Period: 1387 to 1437

1st battle of Rigómező/Kosovo

1389

Serbian army was defeated by the Ottomans

Battle of Nicopolis

1396

-Christian army was defeated by the Ottomans
-in open-battle Ottomans always won, they outnumbered the Christian troops

Placetum Regnum

1404

the papal bulls could only be proclaimed in Hungary with the king's approval

Estate-general / Diet of Hungary

1405

members: barons, prelates, represenatives of cities and noble counties
1. unifications of weights and measures
2. regulating the way of administering justice in the royal free cities
3. allowed townspeople and lesser nobility to be members of the Royal Council: professionalism appeared

The Order of the Dragon

1408

-monarchial chivalric order
-its members swore to protect the royal family
-in return for service they received lands and offices
-it became an international noble association

Council of Constance

1414

-to end the Western Schism
-ins supremi patronatus

Sigismund died

1437

without a son

Albert of Habsburg

Period: 1437 to 1439

firts Habsburg ruler of the country, died in dysentery in a military camp

Wladyslaw of Jagiello

Period: 1440 to 1444

-from Poland
-he was chosen to be the Hungarian king
-supported by János Hunyadi's baronial league

Long Campaign

Period: 1443 to 1444

-aim: to occupy the Ottoman capital: Edirne
-Hunyadi occupied Nis and Sophia but because of the arsh winter it was hard to supply the armies so he had to withdraw

Treaty of Edirne

1444

-Sultan Murad II asked for peace
-10-year long peace treaty
-Ottomans paid 100.000 golden forint tribute

battle of Várna

Nov 10, 1444

-decisive battle
-Ottoman victory
-Wladyslaw died

Diet of 1446

1446

János Hunyadi was elected the Governor of Hungary: 1446-1453

battle of Nándorfehérvár

Jul 21, 1456

• Sultan Mehmed II
• Christian army led by John Capistrano
• János Hunyadi left the castle and organized a backup army
• Hungarian victory