1235 - 1490: Béla IV, Charles Robert, Louis I, Sigismund of Luxemburg, Wladyslaw of Jagiello, János Hunyadi, Matthias Hunyadi
By Yurina
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his succcessor: Béla IV
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went back to Magna Hungaria to find the ancestors of the Hungarians
on his way back he brought new about the upcoming Tartar Invasion -
in March
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in April
Mongol victory
Béla IV fled to Dalmatia -
Khan Ogoday died and Batu left to fight for the throne
Mongol war tatctic: attack - retreat - final attack -
Béla IV issued a Royal Decree that inentified the Royal Servants as nobles: they became the lesser nobility
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Andrew III was the last ruler
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a period of discontinuity in the government
- 3 kings but no legal coronation: 3 claimants
-winner: Charles Robert -
Charles Robert from Naples came to the Hungarian throne
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Ladislaus Kán took the the Holy Crown so he was crowned only in 1310
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Charles I defeated Máté Csák and the Abas
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Kingdom of Hungary
Bohemia
Poland
-dynastic treaty
-mutual defence union -
his eldest so Louis inherited the throne: he was a knight king
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revenge war becuase of the murder of his brother
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successful but couldn't hold Naples long because of the distance it was hard to supply and the Pope didn't want him to become to powerful
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- Confirmed the Golden Bull
- law of "one and the same liberty"
- Law of Entail
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Louis I's war against the Ottomans
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Louis I became the Polish king as well
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Serbian army was defeated by the Ottomans
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-Christian army was defeated by the Ottomans
-in open-battle Ottomans always won, they outnumbered the Christian troops -
the papal bulls could only be proclaimed in Hungary with the king's approval
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members: barons, prelates, represenatives of cities and noble counties
1. unifications of weights and measures
2. regulating the way of administering justice in the royal free cities
3. allowed townspeople and lesser nobility to be members of the Royal Council: professionalism appeared -
-monarchial chivalric order
-its members swore to protect the royal family
-in return for service they received lands and offices
-it became an international noble association -
-to end the Western Schism
-ins supremi patronatus -
without a son
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firts Habsburg ruler of the country, died in dysentery in a military camp
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-from Poland
-he was chosen to be the Hungarian king
-supported by János Hunyadi's baronial league -
-aim: to occupy the Ottoman capital: Edirne
-Hunyadi occupied Nis and Sophia but because of the arsh winter it was hard to supply the armies so he had to withdraw -
-Sultan Murad II asked for peace
-10-year long peace treaty
-Ottomans paid 100.000 golden forint tribute -
-decisive battle
-Ottoman victory
-Wladyslaw died -
János Hunyadi was elected the Governor of Hungary: 1446-1453
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- Sultan Mehmed II
- Christian army led by John Capistrano
- János Hunyadi left the castle and organized a backup army
- Hungarian victory