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The Holy Roman Emperor was elected during the 1300s by the nobles/the prince-electors.
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The great Ming Dynasty of China lasted from 1368 to 1644.
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Portuguese captured Cueta in 1415, an important step in the beginning of the Portuguese Empire.
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The Mexica (Aztecs) started conquering an Empire in 1428 and were the most powerful empire in the area until the Spanish came.
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The Great Zheng He explored many places, like Southeast Asia, starting in 1405 and ending in 1433.
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Pachakuti reigned from 1438 to 1471. He launched many conquests in that time, causing the Inca to gain a lot of new land and territory.
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The Ottomans took Constantinople in 1453.
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The Hundred Years' War was a conflict between England and France that lasted from 1337 to 1453.
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The Reconquista was the expansion of Christian kingdoms in/by Spain and Portugal that started in 722 AD and ended in 1492.
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Akbar became the Mughal Emperor in 1556. His reign lasted until 1605. He was the third Mughal Emperor.
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Mikhail Romanov became the ruler/tsar of Russia following the death of Fyodor I.