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The prophet Muhammad created the Constitution of Medina, establishing the first Islamic state, and gave Jews/Christians freedom of religion in return for the payment of a special tax, and became protected in the Muslim community. This set the tone for how Muslims treated the conquered in the future
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At the Battle of badr, Muhammad and his followers beat the army from Mecca. Muhammad's chief rival in Mecca, Abu Jahl, was killed. This was the first military conquest executed by the Islamic State.
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During these wars the Muslims took over the area's of Modern day Syria and Iraq. This expanded its Middle Eastern Territory of the Umayyad Empire and it's land
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The Battle of Yarmouk was a major battle between the army of the Byzantine Empire and the Muslim Arab forces. This ended Byzantine rule in Syria for good.
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The Arab invasion of the Sassanid Empire in persia which is now modern day Iran. Caliph Umar and his forces won and conquered the land and eventually ended the Sassanid Empire in 651, which was a major empire in History.
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Tariqibn Ziyad was known as one of the greatest commanders and leaders in Iberian History. Heled the conquest of the spainish visogoths which started one of the first conquest of land on the pennisula for years to come in the Umayyad Empire
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The Battle of Tours was between forces under control of the Frankish leader Charles Martel and a the invading Islamic army led by Emir Abdul Rahman, near the city of Tours, France. This marked the end of Islam’s northward expansion into Europe
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Caliph Umar captured Jerusalm and slowly began to rebuild and shape it, this was one of the area's and times in Islamic Expansion where they allowed all Jew's and Christains to live and Worship without a tax penalty, and designated Jerusalm as a holy city for Islam.
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In 638 Amr, a general for the Islamic Armies asked Umar for permission to invade Egypt which was still a part of Constantinople's empire. They Sucessfully sieged the city of Alexandria and conquerd the country.
