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Muhammad was born in Mecca to a noble Quraysh family. His birth is significant because he became the prophet of Islam.
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Muhammad went to Yathrib which is also known as Medina with his followers and Islam was accepted there. This marked the emigration of Islam and it established the state.
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Muhammad developed a sickness while he was in Medina which resulted in his death. Muhammad's death began the Caliph rule of Islam.
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Husayn was decapitated at the battle of Karbala in Iraq.His death marked the beginning of the "party of Ali" or Shi' at Ali.
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Muslims entered Spain in the West and India in the East. This event helped Islam gain control of almost the whole Iberian Peninsula.
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Muslims battled France at the Battle of Tours in Poitiers and they were defeated by the Frankish army. This halted Islamic conquests and it preserved Christianity as Europe's religion.
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Abbasid beat Umayyid which caused Baghdad to become the new capital of the Abbasid Empire. The location of Baghdad was very significant and it helped connect the dynasty with the Persian culture.
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The Buyids invaded Baghdad and took over forcing Caliph to be under their authority. This was significant because it marked the beginning of the Buyid Dynasty.
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The Christian crusaders took Jerusalem from the Muslims. This ended Muslim resistance to Europeans.
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Mongols arrived in Baghdad and after ten days Baghdad was
crushed. This event marked the end of the Islamic Golden Age.
