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Muhhamad the prophet of islam was born in 570 CE and died in 632 CE. This also started the Islamic holiday Mawlid al-Nabi (celebrating the birth of Muhhamad)
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In 610 CE the prophet Muhhamad was visited by the angel, Gabriel, the angle gave him a message from God about the start of islam. From this came the first revelation and the birth of Islam. Photo
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Mohammed_receiving_revelation_from_the_angel_Gabriel.jpg -
After Gabriel spoke to the prophet Muhammad, Muhhammad preached to the crowds about his revelation and the new religion called islam. After many preachings and teachings he gained many followers.
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Muhammad, Abu Bakr (father-in-Law and senior Companion), and his follwers flee from Mecca to medina. Muharram (Islamic new year) celebrates this event.
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After the preachings at Mecca, Muhammad married an older woman, her name was Khaddija, she was a woman of wealth and intelligence. Khadijja gave Muhhamad courage and many great ideas, and is known as the woman who launched Islam.
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From 624 CE to 630 CE there were many attacks on the city of mecca and the muslims. In 624 CE the muslims succesfuly attack Mecca Carravans. In 625 CE the musslims are defeated by The Meccans at Uhud.In 630 CE the muslims capture Mecca and end the battle.
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In 632 CE Muhammad died of poisining after the attack of the jewish settlement, Khaibar. As a result Abu Bakr took his place or became the caliph (succesor). Photo
http://maritimehotelistanbul.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Mourning-of-the-Death-of-Muhammad.jpg -
After the death of Muhhamad a great problem arose, who was going to be the succesor of Muhhamad? Amu bakr was chosen to lead, but many people found a problem, he wasn't related by blood. The people who were opposed to Abu Bakr were for Ali, Muhammad's relative. The followers of Abu Bakr were the Sunnis and the followers of Ali were the Shiites. The Sunnis believed that relgious leadership was the most important aspect for a caliph while a Shiite believed There should've been a heriditary cycle.
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This dynasty was called the golden age of Islam. The Abbasid caliphate were mostly about the right to have power come back into the family. After the battle with the Ummayads, the Abbasid transformed the arab empire into a multinational empire. The Abbasid Caliphate accomplished many inventions and had many great pieces of litterature.
