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The Caliphates or the "successors" were a political religious group comprising the muslim community. Their Guide and their knowledge comes from the Qur'an. those in the group are: Abu-Bakr, Omar, Uthman, and Ali
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The Persian scholar al-Razi was named the greatest physician of the Muslim world. He wrote many books that advanced medicine in ancient society from 500 C.E. to 1500 C.E.
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Islamic civilizations used sea and land routes to trade. They used the Silk Road to connect to Asia and the routes along and on the Mediterranean sea to connect to the rest of Europe.
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the islamic empire practiced cash crops and crop rotation , muslims had very complex irrigation systems , when muslims would trade they would take the crop and grow it themselves
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Islam believes in the one God "Allah". The prophet Muhammad was believed to be the last prophet from Allah. Those who Believe agree to the basic principles of islam are called Muslims.
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The Islam holy book, the Qur'an said "Men are the managers of the affairs of women". So, women, although equal in beliefs, had to submit to men.
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The Islamic people believed that only Allah can create life, so it was frowned upon to create images with living being in them. so many turned to other art forms like woodwork, glass making, ceramics, and calligraphy. Calligraphy is the art of beautiful writing.
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One of the biggest diffusions in islam are sunni and shia the 2 most common sects of islam they face many conflicts toward each other just by the differences in there leaders in ancient islam
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With the construction of Baghdad coming to a close, people came into the city, and like in any other city, the citizens were divided into social classes. The classes were the Muslims at birth being the upper class, the second class was made up of people who converted to Islam, the third class was made of Christians and Jews, and the lowest class was only slaves.
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A Muslim scholar, Al-Khwarizmi, wore a textbook explaining the art of bringing together unknowns to match a known quantity, which he called al-jabr. Today, we know this as algebra.