-
Myhammed was born in about 570 CE iMecca. He was raised by his paternal uncle Abu Talib due to being orphaned shortly after birth. He was a merchant and shepherd until he first married at age 25.
-
Muhammad returns to Mecca from Medina and conquers the city. Mecca then becomes the central location of Islam.
-
Muhammad dies. A majority of Arabia has become Muslim by this time.
-
Muslims conquer Syria (under Omar, the second caliph).
-
Muslims conquer Persia and Jerusalem under Omar, the second caliph.
-
Muslims attempt to conquer Constantinople, capital to the Byzantine Empire. They also make movements in West Europe reaching as far as France
-
Abbasids take over as ruler of Muslim Empire with Baghdad at the centre. The Golden Age of Islam begins. Under the Abbasid caliphates, the Muslims built the first astronomical observatory, translate ancient Greek texts into Arabic, perfect and spread the Arabic alphabet and Arab numerals.
-
Muslims developed a school of medecine in Baghdad.
-
Seljuk Turks, a.k.a. Muslim converts residing throughout Central Asia, begin to move into territories of the Byzantine Empire. Conflicts and hostilities arise among Christians and Muslims.
-
Pope Urban II of Rome calls for the expulsion of Muslims from Jerusalem and nearby areas which were considerred to be the Holy Land as it was the area in which Jesus Christ lived and from the Byzantine Empire.
-
Mongols sack Baghdad, kill the caliph and a large group of Muslims: end of the Abbasid caliphs.
-
Muslims defeat Christians and remain in Holy Lands.
-
Suleyman the Magnificent rules the Ottoman empire. He increases their amount of territory. The Empire peaks in culture, art, literature, architecture, and laws.
-
Arabs developed regular trade routes in northern Africa; they gradually extend routes across the Sahara desert into the West
African kingdoms of Mali and Ghana for the gold and salt trade. Arab
trade network becomes very prosperous and facilitates the exchange of
ideas and technologies among societies with which they trade.
