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The Polynesian Triangle comprises Hawaii in the North, Easter Island in the East, and New Zealand in the South. It consists of around 30 000 islands in the Pacific Ocean. Polynesians settled in Hawaii in around 300 AD.
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Plato (347-428) was a famous Greek philosopher during this period and he is considered to be the founder of western political philosophy.
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In 541, a major pandemic spread all throughout the Middle East and Mediterranean regions. There was an estimate of 25 million fatalities. It is was known as the Justinian plague because the first outbreak corresponds with the reign of the empire Justinian.
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In 691, Buddhism became the state religion of china. This was a major landmark. This made Buddhism one of the main religions and faiths in the world at this time.
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Polynesians arrive on Easter Island in around 700 AD.
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The Vikings established vast trading networks in Europe and Asia from around 790 onwards. The goods they traded included furs, weapons, timber, fish, and cloth. Their expertise in trading made Scandinavia very wealthy during the Viking era.
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The Vikings were ruthless explorers and very skilled in shipbuilding. They developed a large fleet of ships which they were able to use to explore and colonise new lands. Their first invasion was in 793 when they invaded monasteries on the coast of Northumberland and this was the start of the Vikings’ migration from Scandinavia.
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In 800, On Christmas day a Carolingian ruler was announced as emperor of the Romans by Pope Leo the third.
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In 802 AD King Jayavarman II became the first King of Cambodia and the founder of the Khmer monarchy/Empire. He was declared a God-King (Devaraja) which meant he was regarded as a living God. During his reign, until his death in 850, the Khmer Empire grew significantly.
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Polynesians settled in New Zealand in 1000 AD.
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The Vikings ruled for fifty-three years in England and King Canute was the first Viking to ever become a King. The English paid the Vikings a tax in the form of silver during this period. In 1066 William the Conqueror invaded and the Viking Age ended in England.
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On 24 December 1177 the Eastern coast of the Khmer Empire including its capital Angkor was attacked by a Muslim state called the Cham (which is now known as central Vietnam). The Empire survived, and the city of Angkor was rebuilt a few years later.
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This empire was started by Genghis Khan in 1206.
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In 1215 the Mongols defeated the Jurchen Jin dynasty and gained control of the Northern city of Beijing. This was the famous battle of Zhongdu.
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The Ottoman Empire commenced in around 1299 in what is now known as Turkey. It was founded by Osman 1.
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The religion of Buddhism which originated in India spread to other parts of Asia including Cambodia. Initially, it was a threat to the Empire by the Kings but by the 1300s it was tolerated in Cambodia and was practiced by many.
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In 1347, A plague arrives in France from another one of the caffa ships docking in Marseille. It then spreads quickly through the country.
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In 1348, another strain of the plague enters Europe through Genoa, brought by a caffan ship that docks there. Italy faces this strain whilst still battling the previous strain.
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In June 1348, the plague reaches England. Many try and escape inland which spreads the disease further.
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The Mongol dynasty ended in China in 1368. This occurred because in 1294 the Empire broke up into four smaller empires and this lack of central control/weakness made it possible for the Ming Dynasty to gain control.
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On September 25th, 1450, the first printing presses in Mainz, Germany were set up by Johann Gutenberg.
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Renaissance art tried to depict subjects in a realistic way. Leonardo Da Vinci (1452 -1519) was one of the most famous Renaissance artists.
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From 1474 to 1504, the King and Queen of Spain, King Ferdinand II, and Queen Isabella I worked hard to spread Catholicism to other parts of the world which were one of the main reasons why Spanish explorers were sent to other lands.
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Christopher Columbus, an Italian explorer, discovered the Americas in 1492 and this began the arrival of Spanish explorers who colonised most of South America, The Caribbean, and the Southwest of America.
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In 1517 the Ottomans conquered Egypt. The Ottoman Empire was successful due to its strong military and its political system.
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In 1520, Suleiman The Magnificent becomes the leader of the Empire and under his reign, the Empire reaches its peak from 1520 to around 1566. During this time the Empire stretched through Turkey, Egypt, Bulgaria, Hungary, Greece, Jordan, Lebanon, Israel, Syria, and the North Coast of Africa.
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In 1528 the Inca City of Tumbez was discovered. This ancient city in Peru was discovered by the explorer, Pizzaro, and his team.
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From 1603 to 1869 Japan was ruled by a series of Shoguns who were hereditary military leaders. They closed Japan off from the rest of the world to avoid western influence particularly Christianity.
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In 1666, A policy is introduced to reduce logging. People were encouraged to try and increase the number of trees. Only the shogun could authorise the use of wood.
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In 1724, Timber harvesting in japan was reduced by 60%. For the next thirty years, it remained at 60% allowing time for Japan's forests to recover.
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