Selma Skokic's Semester 1 timeline

Mesopotamia: Interactions with enviorment 2&3

100

2.The Summerians were nestled in between the rivers to have water. They built irrigation to water their fields of crops, to have a surplus.
3. The people of Sumer's structures were built from mud bricks because their sources for building material was scarce.

Mesopotamia: Social 1&2

100

1. Many Sumerians worked in fields and agriculture. THis showed how the majority of the population were at the bottom of the social hierarchy, and were either poor, or not born into the right family.
2. Some slaves were other sumerians, who were sold into slavery by their parents to pay off debt. This only supported the idea of most of the population being in poverty compared to their rich counterparts.

Mesopotamia: Social 3

100

1. Woman in Sumerian life could work as scribes, artisans, merchants, farmers, even priests. Sumerian woman had the same oppertunities as men, and the rules of the social hierarchy affected both genders equally.

Mesopotamia: Political 3, Culture 1

100

1. From 3000bc to 2000bc, the city-state were constantly fighting. This constant fighting could show that either the city-states had diffrent view points on certain things, or simply wanted land.
2. The Sumerians were polytheinistic, which ment they beleived in many gods/goddesses which were thought to do simple human activities, but had powers. Because they thought they did have powers, the Sumarians beleived that they had to please their gods so that they would not feel their ''wrath''.

Mesopotamia: Culture 2,3

100

1. Sumerians developed a type of writing known as cuniform. Only few people knew how to write, known as scribes. These scribes were hired to document for others, which showed how Sumerians cared for documentation, and developed their own writing to do so.
2. Sumerians created a number system based off of the number 60. That is why whe still divide an hour into sixty miutes, and why a circle is 360 degrees.

Mesopotamia: Economic 3

100

1. The Summerians would pay scribes to write down certain events. This contributes to the idea of economic events, beacuse it shows how summerians would care enough to pay for the written documents for future consumption.

Mesopotamia: Interaction with enviorment 1

100

1. Mesopotamia was located in the Fertile cresent, in present day Iraq, Syria, and Turkey. The civilization was nestled inbetwen two rivers, the Tigris and the Euphrates, which would flood every year to leave behind silt to farm in.

Mesopotamia: Political 1,2

100

1. The Sumerians viewed religion and government as one, This is proved because their religious temples and goverment buildings were one, and were called Ziggurats.
2. Their hightest level of power had kings, some priests, and landowners. Their highest level of power consisted of who they considered to be powerful.

Mesopotamia: Econimic 1,2

100

1. Most of the lower Summerin class were farmers, artisans, and laborers. Most of Summer's production could have been centered around these jobs.
2. Sumerian culture traded along Southwest Asia, trading woven textiled\s for metal, stone, and wood. This shows how Sumer did not have many building materials, and used trading to gether the materials that they could not usually have.

Mesopotamia

Period: 100 to 100

Mesopotamia's time period was from roughly 4000BC to 550BC

Ancient Egypt

Period: 100 to 200

Ancient Egypt's timeline existed from 5000BC, to 1030BC.

Indus Valley (India)

Period: 100 to 300

Indus Valley's time period was roughly from 2500bce- 250bce.

Ancient China

Period: 100 to 400

Ancient China's time period was between 2500bc, and 250bc

Ancient Greek

Period: 100 to 500

Ancient Greece was from 2100bc to 150bc.

Ancient Rome

Period: 100 to Dec 31, 1400

The Ancient Roman time period was from 735bc to the 5th century

Indus Valley: Social 1,2

300

1. Little was known about their culture and society. Indus Valley dissapeared "mysteriously" and has no explination for why.
2. Indus Valley was a single Society istead of small city-states. This means that rules/laws, rulers, etc, was the same throughout the civilization.

Indus Vally: Social 3, Political 1.

300

1. The city of Harappan was built onto mud brick platforms. this protected it from floods, and supported to the idea that the civilization was planned.
2. There were two major citis, Harappan and Mohenjo Daro. Since there were only two large cities, it supports the ideas that this was not a huge civilization.

Indus Valley: Political 2,3

300

1. The civilization used wells to draw water, and drainage systems were used to carry away wastewater. This is used to show how strides in architecture to develop a sewge system.
2. The hunters and gatherer society turned into a farmer society. It helped settle them into one spot, instead of staying nomads.

Indus Valley: Interaction with enviorment 1,2

300

1. There would be constant dry and wet seasons from the monsoons. This would flood the civilization, which mud-brick pltforms were made to stop the damage from happening.
2. The civilization was located near the Ganges and the Indus rivers. This would help to connect the civilization to the sea.

Indus Valley: Culture 2,3

300

1. The city was laid out in a grid formation. It shows how much planning went into the architecture of the civilization.
2. Because of the monsoons and flooding, the civilizations built leeves, or earthen walls, to stop the water. This shows how monsoons could be unpredictable, and could have been very destrctive.

indus Valley: Interaction with enviorment, 3, and Culture 1.

300

1. Farming for the civilization would be around the watered are of the Indus river. This means that the farming would be very limited, because of the are of where it would be.
2. Much of the culture of Indus valley is unknown to modern archeologists. This shows that they di not have much of a way of documentaion that we could understanding.

Indus Valley: Economic 1,2,3.

300

1. Indus Valley had agriculture and trade. They would have had limited farming in the extreme dry and wet seasons of the monsoons.
2. The civilization speciaalized in crafts such as jewelry, pottery, and metal work. This could have been because there were more artisans, farmers, etc, than any other job. 3.Indus Valley was connected to the sea by the river. This helped because it ment that they could trade easier then by foot.

Ancient China: Political 1,2

400

1. The Mandate of Heaven had become the central of Ancient China's government. THis ment that it was important of how it was beleived that the gods and ancestral spirits became a large part in everyday life.
2. Religion was largly affiliated with the government. This was proved that natural disasters were beleived to happen because ancestral spirits were unhappy with a king's ruling.

Ancient China: Interaction with enviorment 2,3

400

1. Its geographical isolation left China by itself. It ment that invasions from certain directions happened continuously.
2. The Huang He river would flood from time to time. That ment it would swallow whole villages at once, and cause mass destruction.

Ancient China: Social 1,2,3

400

1. The walls of China's earliest civilizations was built 4000 years ago. They used them to use as protection from invading enemies.
2. A person's first priority was his/her family. This shows how the civilization cared about families and relatives. 3.Besides their family, they showed their obidience tword the ruler of the middle kingdom. This showed how they beleived that family was important, however, rulers were respected just as much as the elders of the family.

Ancient China: Political 3, Interaction with enviorment 1

400

1. Feudalism was used in the ruling of Ancient China. This was important because it showed how nobles and lords could rule, as long as they still rule under the king, and on the king's land.
2. The river systems of Ancient CHina included the Chang Jiang, and the Yangtze. This allowed for trade, byut also floods.

Ancient China: Culture 1,2,3

400

1. The culture grew up in strong bonds. That ment that a person's family was their best interest, and first priority.
2. The elder men in a family would control the family's property, and made important desicions. That ment that men were the head of the family, and woman were a minor role in te family.
3. The Shang kings would use oracle bones to talk to spiits. That ment that religion was an important part in everyday life for anyone in Ancient China.

Ancient China: Economic 1,2,3

400

1.The higher classes of Ancient China could live in Timber houses with clay and straw walls. This showed that even the rich did not live in "improved" houses.
2. The Shang kings in elaborate palaces, and tombs. Most of the Shang dynasty is known from their artifacts.
3. Members of the royal family and trusted nobles were trusted with some of the kings land, and had to rule under then king. This was the development of feudalism in Ancient China.

Ancient Greece: Social 1,2,3

500

1.While under Dorian rule, Greece's economy collapsed, and trade came to an eventuall standstill. That ment that the DOrians were far less advanced than the Greeks.
2.Also while under Dorian rule, Greece's writing and art ceased for a period of time. That ment that the culture of Greece was more advanced than the Dorians.
3. Beacuse of the lack of writing, stories began to be told, like Homer's epics. Because of this, many important and popular epics we know today, came from this time period.

Ancient Greece: Politics 1,2,3

500

1. During the 1200s bc, the Mycenaeans fought against the city of Troy for ten years. This happened because a Trojan prince kidnapped the wife of a Greek king, Helen, which was to be belieived to be fictional.
2. The Mycenaeans began to eithe trade or fight with the Minoans. Because of their contact with each other, the Mycenaeans saw thevalue of sea trade.
3. The Minoans influenced other aspects of Greek culture. They influenced the Greek alphabet, and decoration on vases.

Ancient Greece: Economic 1,2,3

500

1. Greek had many moutains, and dangerous terrain for travel on land. Thia ment that travel through land was rare.
2. Because Athens was gaining wealth, pretiege, and power, many city-states began to envy them. Beacuse of this, Sparta and Athens began a war that lasted for years, and devestated Athens.
3. The Mycenaeans' society was dominated by intense competition, frequent warfare, and powerful kings. This means that the Mycenaeans were powerful and their government was strong.

Ancient Greece: Interaction with Enviorment 1,2,3

500

1. During the Peloponnesian war, Spartans became masters at fighting, and Athens became masters at fighting in the water, and would not fight each other for a long time. This still-stand led to Sparta destroying the Athenian fleet of ships.
2. Greek had many moutains, and very rough terrain. Because of this, transportation on land was made difficult.
3. The Aegean sea, the Ionian sea, and the Black sea were important transportation routes for the Greeks. It helped by linking the city-states.

Ancient Greece: Culture 1,2,3

500

1. The Greeks create myths about their Gods. This helped to explain that they thought that everything in nature was caused by the Gods.
2. The Minoans helped to inspire the Mycenaeans' art, politics, literature, and religious practices. That means that the westward culture was inspired by these two cultures.
3. Homer created his famous epic, the Lilid during the time of Dorian rule. Which means that were less writings and written documents during this time period.

Ancient Rome: Social 1,2,3

Jan 1, 600

1. Rome was seperated into two main groups: the plebeians and the patricians. Because the patricians controlled every aspect of the government, the plebeians had no say in what happens.
2. The Etrusccans helped intruduce certain styles of sculptures and paintings. This means that the Etruscans helped to inspire diffrent aspects of Roman life.
3. The Etruscans helped to introduce the number system and the alphabet. That ment that they played a large part in everyday Roman life.

Ancient Rome: Political 1,2,3

Feb 1, 600

1. After the last tyrant king of Rome was overthrown, it established a rebupublic. Because of this, it ment that through elected officials, they could help to rule Rome in a diffrent way.
2. The plebeians forced the patricians to write down all laws. They did this so that the Patricians could not make up laws as they see fit.
3. When the Romans would conquer areas, they wouldn't interefere with the domestic affairs of the people in them. They did not have an iron fist on their ruling.

Ancient Rome: Interaction with Enviorment 1,2,3

Mar 1, 600

1. The peninsula of Italy was not isolated by the mountains, but protected. That ment that they could be protected from invasions, but not suffer from lack of trade.
2. The sea sourrounded the peninsula. Because of this, it provided prtection, and transportation or trade.
3. The Peninsula had a warm climate and rich soil. This ment land for farming, and fine weather for a civilization.

Ancient Rome: Culture 1,2,3

Apr 1, 600

1. The Romans were polythenistic, however their religion was heavily influenced by the Greek's. That ment that the Greek culture influence much of Roman society.
2. The Etruscans helped to introduce the well known chariot and gladiator games. That ment that they helped to introduce much of what we beelived was a favored past time.
3. The Etruscans also helped to build Rome's first city walls and sewer system. It ment that they could have influenced or developed Roman architecture.

Ancient Rome: Economic 1,2,3

May 1, 600

1. The Peninsula of Italy is surrounded by water. That ment that trade was more accesable by water.
2. In 133 bc, Tiberius Gracchus noted of how soilders would come home to find that their farms were sold or were in bad shape. Tiberius and his brother helped to disdripute public land to small farms.
3. The Roman elites feared that the Gracchi brothers were gaining public support and urged to kill them. Violence was then used as a political tool.

Ancient Egypt: Social 3, Political 1

Mar 2, 2022

1. Slaves usually worked in either the gold mines, or worked in wealthy homes as servents. most of the time slaves could not be able to move from their position in the social pyramid.
2. Anicient Egypt was usually ruled by kings and queens. These rulers were chosen by claiming that they were gods/goddesses, then were later voted into power.

Ancient Egypt: Political 2,3

Mar 2, 2022

1. King Menes became the first pharoh after uniting lower and upper Egypt in 3000 BCE. A single king had enough power to unite two diffrent knigdoms of Ancient Egypt.
2. in 2134 BCE, Egypt split into smaller kingdoms that were later reunited. It showed of how Ancient Egypt had feuds between diffrent parts of the kingdom.

Anicient Egypt: Interaction with enviorment 1,2

Mar 2, 2022

1. Egypt was near the river known as the Nile, that would flood once every year, leaving silt to farm with. This promoted farming, but would also cause destruction in the surrounding areas.
2. The Nile flows from south to north, opposite of every other river in the world. The reason that Northern Egypt is Southern of Southern Egypt, is because of this direction of flow.

Ancient Egypt: Interaction with enviorment 3, Cultural 1.

Mar 2, 2022

1. The Ancient Egyptians developed a calander based off of the flooding of the NIle. With the help of this calander, many Egyptians could predict ahead of time when the flooding would happen, and for how long.
2. The Ancient Egyptians were polythenistic, which ment they beleived in more then one god. This would aid those who wanted to be in power or stay in power, so they would claim they were gods/godesses.

Ancient Egypt: Culture 2,3

Mar 2, 2022

1. Ancient Egyptians developed a type of writing called hieroglyphics, and a special type of paper called papyrus. This was an upgrade from the cuneiform writing on clay slabs in Mesopotamia.

Ancient Egypt: EConomical 1,2

Mar 2, 2022

1. In 4000bce, sails were first used in Egypt. THis helped trade and distibutation of goods.
2. In 3100 bce- 2649bce, trade was established between palestine and Nubia, and Egypt. This helped the civilization aquire materials they could not be able to usually aquire.

Ancient Egypt: Economical 3

Mar 2, 2022

1. Ancient Egypt farmed barley, a type of wheat called emmer, and flax. They would use the cops to trade with, and used them as their exports.

Ancient Egypt: Social 1,2

Mar 2, 2022

1. Woman in Egypt, if they were wealthy/middle-class, she could own/trade property. This shows how woman and men had many of the same rigts.
2. People from lower or middle-class could go up the "social ladder" if through marrige, success in their job, or etc. It fits into the social aspect because it shows how many people weren't actually stuck into their social tier, and could actually improve.