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Saint Ignatius of Antioch, around the year 110, even reffered to the church aqs the Catholic church
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Tertullian (155-222), Who developed a vocabulary of terms with which to describe faith.
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He brought together a group of these solitary hermits to live in community, supporting each other in leading holy lives.
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This continued until 311 under Diocletian's successor Galerius.
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He ruled the Roman empire from 312 to 337.
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Created religous tolerance throughout the Roman empire and giveing christains the freedom to worship openly.
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To settle the dispute caused by this Arian heresy, the Emperor Constantine summoned all the Bishops of the Church to a councial in the city of Nicaea, in modern day Turkey.
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Saint John Chrysostom (347-420), a great preacher whose name "Chrysostom" means "Golden Mouth"
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Saint Athanasius (296-373), The Bishop of Alexandria, Egypt, we find what seems the first written list of New Testament books.
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The council at Ephesus, in modern Turkey, was called in 431 to deal with this heresy. The council condemned Nestorius, affirmed that Mary gave Birth to Jesus Christ, the son of God, and declared that Mary truly Can be called "Mother of God."
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This is considered the greatest of the first four ecumenical councils.
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The Franks lived in a Roman province called Gaul, known today as France.
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Most what had been "Barbarian" Europe was Christian.
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The Land where Jesus Christ had lived, died, and risen from the dead, including the holy city of Jerusalem- fell into the hands of Muslim conquerors.
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Founded the Cistercian order.
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He called on all Christain rulers to organize a crusade.
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There were four major crusade between 1097 and 1204.
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The first crusade was the most successful, with the Christian armies takeing control of Jerusalem and surronding the lands.
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Jerusalem had fallen again, this time to a great muslim general named Saladin.
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The Armies of The Fourth Crusade attacked and looted Constantinople.
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The years 1300-1500 A.D. are often called the middle ages. this was a time of disease, disorder, and great change for the church and the world. The Black plague was spreading throughout all of Europe and beyond
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Antonio Montesino and Bartolome de las casas, boldly defended the human rights of Americaans native people.
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They had taken the great christian capital of Constantinopole.
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Pope Alexander VI, whose pontificate was from 1492-1503, asked these explorers to evangelize, or proclaim the good news of Christ to people.
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They had conquered all of southeastern europe.
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The Jesuit missionary Francis Xavier, arriving in India in 1542, baptized many people in Goa.
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The council of trent was in progress.
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Proved the theory that the Earth revolves around the sun
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Protestant and catholic armies fought eachother. It ended with trhe peace of Westphalia.
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Was an example of a Catholic absolute monarch. He ruled France, then the leading catholic country in the world.
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This was the Hapsburgs, who rules Austria, and the Bourbons, who ruled in france.
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A catholic monarch who ruloed Austria, the second most important catholic country of the time, Interffered in church matters even more than Louis XVI.
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He called together the Estates-General, the governing body in France, to deal with his need to raise taxes.
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They renamed themselves the National Assembly- a unified assembly representing all the people in France- and invited the deputies of the other two estates to join them , calling for liberty, equality, and fraternity.
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They passed a law called Civil Constitution of the Clergy.
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He spoke out condeming the Civil Constitution of the Clergy, and denouncing the National Assembly for all that had happened from the onset of the revalution
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Both were overthrown then executed by beheading
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He declared himself emperor of France.
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Napoleon returned to paris with reinforced troops hoping to regain his empire
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He finally got defeated by the allied powers of Europe at Waterloo, Belgium
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Napoleon was exciled to the South Atlantic island of aSt. Helena.
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Who taught taught that religon gave people an illusion of a unreal world, dulling their awareness of injustice.
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He refused to recognize the authority of the new Italian goverment in Italy.
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They occupied all of the papal territories except the city of Rome and its immediate surrondings.
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This was proclaimed, with its rulers dreaming of makeing Rome the capitol.
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The Civil War begins.
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The bishops met in Baltimore at the Second Plenary Council.
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From December 1869 to October 1870 Pope Pius IX convenced the First Vatican council in Rome.
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was a german statesman, suceeded in throwing off Austrian rule and uniting many of these states in a new German Empire.
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When the bishops gathered at Baltimore for the Third Plenary Council, they voted to establish a nationwide Catholic school system with the goal of haveing every Catholic child in the United States enrolled in a catholic school.
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Ther were now 12 million Catholics in the United States.
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He made important contributions to other aspects in the Church teachings.
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Jerusalem had remained under Muslim control until 1917.
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Pope Pius XI his response to the great depression, issued an encyclical in 1931 that was a direct referance to Pope Leo XII's social justice encyclical Rerum Novarum.
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American Catholics began to celebrate the Eucharist in a new way. For centuries , priests had celebrated mass with their backs to the assembly, now they stood faceing the people. Everywhere in the world the mass was celebrated the mass in Latin the universal language of the catholic church. now it is celebrated in the people language.
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Pope John VI issued an encyclcical callled Populorum Progressio, or "On the Development of Peoples."
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The Roman Catholic church published new missal.
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was apointed archbishop of Munich, Germany.
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He died in 1978.
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The Bishops issued Economic Justice for All, a pastoral letter about Catholic social teaching and the American economy.
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Pope John Paul II dealt with a topic that has concerned philosophers since the enlightenment.
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He had a speech at world-wide youth day.
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He passed away on this day.
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A newly elected Pope led the church through the horrors of World War II, which took some 40 Million lives.
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He ruled from 249 to 251. One of the two worst persecutions ahppened under him. He tried to get people to worship him as a god.
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He ruled from 284-305. two of the worst persecutions happened under his rule. Also he wanted to be worshiped as a god.
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He made christianity the official religion of the Roman empire. He ruled from 379 to 395.
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Origen (185-254), Who studied and explained scripture.
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This prompted the Emperor Theodosius I to call a council at Constantinople- modern day Istanbul. There the bishops repeated the teaching of Nicaea and reiterated the truth that the Holy Spirit, like Jesus, is also fully divine.
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Basil the Great who lived in the eastern part of theRoman Empire, was a great theologian whose writings helped to defeat the Arians at the council of Constantinople in 381.
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he lived in the western paart of the Roman Empire. he founded a monasttery at Monte Cassino, Italy, around 529.
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Benedict of Nursia, his sister founded a nearby monastery for nuns.
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Brought the good news of Jesus Christ to the territory from which many of the invadeing tribes had come.
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Brought the good news of Jesus Christ to the territory from which many of the invadeing tribes had come.
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Crowned Charlemange, the leader of the Franks, as Holy Roman Emperor.
