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Period: Jan 4, 1299 to
Ottoman Dynasty
The Ottoman Dynasty was a muslim dynasty that was centered in present-day Turkey. The dynasty was named fro Sultan Osman Gazi. They conquered the Byzantine Empire in 1453 by taking over Constantinople.As the Ottoman Empire expanded, it acquired control of the trade routes to the East and many European powers paid great sums for the privilege of access to these routes. -
Period: Mar 10, 1375 to
Songhay Empire
It was based in present-day Nigeria and Burkina Faso. Sunni Ali was the first ruler and Askia Ishaq II was the last ruler. The Songhai are thought to have settled at Gao as early as 800 CE, but did not establish the city as their capital until the 11th century. Their government was a monarchy. It was conquered by the Mali Empire in the 13th century. -
Period: Sep 15, 1394 to Jan 18, 1460
Prince Henry the Navigator
He was a Portuguese royal prince, soldier, and patron of explorers. Henry sent many sailing expeditions down Africa's west coast, but did not go on them himself. Prince Henry helped begin the Great Age of Discovery that lasted from the 1400's to the early 1500's. -
Period: Dec 15, 1444 to Dec 15, 1446
Reign of Mehmed the Conqueror
Mehmed the Conquerer was an Ottoman sultan who conquered Constaninople and brought the Byzantine Empire to an end. Being a highly regarded conqueror, Mehmed is considered a hero in modern-day Turkey and parts of the wider Muslim world. -
Feb 1, 1452
Beginning of Portuguese Slave Trade
This was the start of European slave trading in Africa, The Portuguese captains Antão Gonçalves and Nuno Tristão capture 12 Africans in Cabo Branco and take them to Portugal as slaves. -
Period: May 16, 1464 to Jun 16, 1492
Reign of Sunni Ali
Sunni Ali founded the Songhay empire of West Africa. Much of Ali's military career was spent subduing the great cities of the Niger River. During the next decade Ali extended his conquests in all directions. Ali's achievements were mainly military. Ali depended more upon the fear and respect which he commanded as a strong magician-king than upon the love and admiration of his subjects. -
Dec 9, 1487
Dias' Voyage into Indian Ocean
Bartolomeu Dias was selected by King John II of Portugal to find India by sailing arounf the southern tip of Africa. He rounded the Cape of Good Hope at a considerable distance to the west and southwest, he turned towards the east, and taking advantage of the winds of Antarctica that blow strongly in the South Atlantic, he sailed northeast. Dias' expedition reached its furthest point on 12 March 1488 when they anchored at Kwaaihoek where a padrão was erected before turning back. -
Aug 3, 1492
Columbus' First Voyage
They left from Spain on the Tinto River with the ships: the Niña, Pinta, and Santa María. He made a port on the Canary Islands then left there on September 6th. Rodrigo de Triana was the first person to sight land. On October 12th, they arrived to San Salvador Island un the Bahamas. In Cuba, they were the first to observe the smoking of tobacco, a habit which they promptly picked up. -
Jun 7, 1497
Treaty of Tordesillas
Treay of Tordesillas was agreement between Spain and Portugal aimed at settling conflicts over lands newly discovered or explored by voyagers in the 15th century. The line itself was moved to 370 leagues west of the Cape Verde Islands, or about 46°30′ W of Greenwich. Portugal thought it had majority of the land at the time but later realized Spain has the most land. -
Period: Mar 7, 1502 to
Safavid Dynasty
The Safavid Dynasty was a muslim dynasty that ruled Persia. They descended from Sheykh Safi od-Din. Ismail Safavi was the founder of this dynasty. The establishment of this dyasty was disturbing to the Muslim world because because the shah's followers thought him to be the rightful head of the entire Muslim community. In 1514 Ismail was defeated by his Sunni rival, the Ottoman sultan Selim I. -
Period: Jan 15, 1506 to
Mugal Dynasty
The Mughal Dynasty was a Muslin Dynasty that ruled mosrt of northern India. A further distinction was the attempt of the Mughals to integrate Hindus and Muslims into a united Indian state. The dynasty was founded by Babur who was descended from the Turkic conqueror Timur on his father’s side and from Chagatai, second son of the Mongol ruler Genghis Khan, on his mother’s side.uring the reign of Muḥammad Shah the empire began to break up. -
Jul 10, 1509
John Calvin
Calvin was a theologian and a pastor during the Protestant Reformation. He was key figure in Calvinism. He published Institutes of the Christian Religion in 1536, after the an uprising provoked by religious tensions. Calvin introduced new forms of church government and liturgy when he returned from Genova.The Reformed, Congregational, and Presbyterian churches, which look to Calvin as the chief expositor of their beliefs, have spread throughout the world. -
Nov 10, 1517
Martin Luther
Luther wrote the Ninety-Five Thesis in 1517. He had created it in Latin, on the door of the church in Wittenberg. Ninety-Five Theses centers on practices within the Catholic Church regarding baptism and absolution. He argued that the sale of indulgences was a gross violation of the original intention of confession and penance. It is considered the nitial catalyst for the Protestant Reformation. -
Period: Feb 15, 1519 to Aug 13, 1521
Spanish Conquest of Mexico
Cortés was offered support from a number of tributaries and rivals of the Aztecs when they arrived.When news reached Cortés of the death of several of his men during the Aztec attack on the Totonacs in Veracruz, he took the opportunity to take Moctezuma captive in his own palace and ruled through him for months. They captured the leader and the capital cuty of the Aztecs in August 1521. This is one of the most significant events in Spanish colonization of the Americas. -
Period: Dec 15, 1520 to Dec 15, 1566
Reign of Suleyman the Magnificent
Suleyman the great was an Ottoman sultan. He help expand the empire from Baghdad to Central Europe. His royal court was famous for it nice and complex rituals. -
Sep 27, 1540
Foundation of Society of Jesus
The Society of Jesus is a Christian male religious congregation of the Catholic Church. The members are called Jesuits. This foundation is in 112 countries on 6 continents. The founders are Peter Faber, Ignatius of Loyola, and Francis Xavier. -
Period: Dec 15, 1542 to
Reign of Akbar
Akbar gradually enlarged the Mughal Empire to include nearly all of the Indian Subcontinent north of the Godavari river. Akbar established a centralised system of administration throughout his empire and adopted a policy of conciliating conquered rulers through marriage and diplomacy. He was one of the greatest leaders of the Mughal Dynasty -
Period: Dec 13, 1545 to Dec 14, 1563
Council of Trent
This was a very important ecumenical council for the Roman Catholic Church held in Trent and Bologna, Italy. It was proposed by the Protestant Reformation and described as the symbol of the Counter- Reformation. Pope Paul III, who convoked the Council, presided over these and the first eight sessions, while the twelfth to sixteenth sessions were overseen by Pope Julius III and the seventeenth to twenty-fifth sessions by Pope Pius IV. -
Period: Dec 15, 1572 to
Reign of Emperor Wanli
Wanli was the thirteenth emperor of the Ming Dynasty in China. He successfully handles the defense of the Mongols, Japanes invasions, and the Yang Yinglong Invasions -
Spanish Armada
This was a naval battle between Spain and England. England undertook the Treaty of Nonsuch, in which they supprted the Dutch abaginst Spanish rule. The Spanish fleet consisted of about 130 ships with about 8,000 seamen and possibly as many as 19,000 soldiers.The English fleet at one time or another included nearly 200 ships, but during most of the subsequent fighting in the English Channel it numbered less than 100 ships. The English won the battle. -
Period: to
30 Years War
This was a war between the Catholic amd Protestant States in the Holy Roman Empire which involved into the great powers of Europe. A result of the war was the divison of Germany into territories. Another result was that in Brandenburg the population was reduced by half and places neraky lost three-quarters of their population. This was one of the most destructive anf one of the longest conflicts in Europe. -
John Locke
Locke was a philosopher and physician who was one of the most influencial Enlightenment thinkers. He is known as "Father of Classical Liberalism". His contributions to classical republicanism and liberal theory are reflected in the United States Declaration of Independence. -
Galileo Galilei
Galilei was an Italian physicist, mathematician, engineer, astronomer, and philosopher who played a major role in the scientific revolution during the Renaissance. He made improvement to the telescope, made astronomical obsiervations to support Corpenicus' idea, and made observation on sunspots. -
Period: to
Qing Dynasty
Under the Qing the territory of the empire grew to treble its size under the preceding Ming dynasty. The population also grew from some 150 million to 450 million.n 1644 the Chinese capital at Beijing was captured by the bandit leader Li Zicheng. -
Period: to
Peace of Westphalia
The Peace of Westphalia was a series of peace treaties signed in Osnabrück and Münster and ended the Thirty Years' War. It also ended the Eight Years' War between Spain and the Dutch Republic. The treaties did not restore peace throughout Europe, but they did create a basis for national self-determination. -
Period: to
Tokugawa Shogunate
Tokugawa shogunate was the last feudsl military government. The heads of the government were called shoguns and each was a member of the Tokugawa clan. This time is called the Tokugawa period. -
Period: to
Seven Years' War
It is known as the French and Indian War in the United States. It affected Europe, North America, Central America, the West African coast, India, and the Philippines.Conflict between Great Britain and France broke out in 1754-55 when the British attacked disputed French positions in North America and seized hundreds of French merchant ships. -
Establishment of 1st Colony in Australia
The first fOn 13 May 1787, the First Fleet of 11 ships and about 1530 people (736 convicts, 17 convicts' children, 211 marines, 27 marines' wives, 14 marines' children and about 300 officers and others) under the command of Captain Arthur Phillip set sail for Botany Bayleet of British ships at Sydney to establish the penal colony of New South Wales. -
Period: to
Haitian Revolution
The Haitian Revolution was a slave revolt in the French colony of Saint-Domingue. It founded the Republic of Haiti and ended slavery there. It ended in November of 1803 with the French defeat at the Battle of Vertières. It resulted in the deaths of between 3,000 and 5,000 people, between February and April 1804. -
End of British Slave Trade