Units 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 of "The Medieval World and Beyond" by Robert Yang, Period 2, Miss Johnson's Class, Miller Middle School, San Jose, CA, 95129, USA
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The last emperor in the western part of Rome(capital in Rome) was driven from his throne in 476 C. E. The surviving eastern part(capital in Constantinople) survived for approximately 1, 000 years. The decision by Constantine to move the capital to Constantinople was a main part of why Rome fell. Rome also fell because Rome was harder to defend than Constantinople.
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Constantine, the Christian emperor who split the Roman empire in two, took one half for himself and one half for his close relative. He became the ruler of the Eastern part only. After his rule, there was two emperors, one in Rome, and one in Constantinople. That was probably why the western part of the Roman Empire fell. After it fell, the Eastern part stood, and it was renamed the Byzantine Empire after its original city.
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Feudalism began when the king finally decided that he couldn't control all that land and began giving fiefs to his closest people, which became barons, owners of really large plots of land. The barons decided that they couldn't control all that land and began giving fiefs to his closest people, which became lords, owners of large plots of land. The lords decided they couldn't control all that land and began giving land to his closest people, the knights, who agree to fight for them.
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The two halves of the Roman empire both are Christians, but they had different ideas about what was right. In 730 C. E., the emperor Leo III banned the use of religious icons.A lot of people protested.In 800 C. E., Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne as Holy Roman emperor. The Byzantines were angry when that happened. In 1054 C.E, the patriarch, Cerularius, wanted to control all of the church. Pope III sent Cardinal Humbert to excommunicate Cerularius. In return, Cerularius excommunicated Humbert.
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Start: Year 1096
End: July 1099 -
Start: 1146
End: 1148 -
Start: 1189
End: 1192 -
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King John was spending too much money on wars, so the barons are upset. They got together to force King John, at Runnymede, to put his seal to the Magna Carta. There were many rules that made the barons more powerful and the king less. However, the lower-class people got slightly more power as time went on because it offset the balance of feudalism. The Magna Carta also illustrated an important part of English law: habeas corpus.
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WAS IT FRANCISCO PETRARCH???
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England and France fought over the lands in France. England was winning the early battles, but later the French were starting to get better, mainly because of Joan of Arc, and also mainly because of new strategies. In 1453, the French finally drove the English out of France.
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In the 1320s, the bubonic plague was started in Asia. Almost half of China and India's population died. Then it spreaded to Europe. It decimated the population and caused a devastating smell of rotting bodies that didn't have enough time to be buried. Those alive started to dance to celebrate that they were still alive. The infected people danced, too, and sang Ring Around The Rosie.
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The Chinese got there first. >:(
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England and France fought over the lands in France. England was winning the early battles, but later the French were starting to get better, mainly because of Joan of Arc, and also mainly because of new strategies. In 1453, the French finally drove the English out of France.
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Charlemagne was originally king of the Franks. Charlemagne helped Leo III by supporting him with his army. In return, Leo III rewarded him by crowning him Holy Roman Emperor in 800 C. E. on Christmas Day. He was a good ruler because he used a early version of feudalism to resist many waves of barbarian attacks.
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Awesome!
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