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Israel’s declaration of independence 1948
Following the Holocaust in Europe, the world experienced an increase pressure for the international recognition of a Jewish state. Hence, Israel declared independence in 1948 following a UN
vote to partition Palestine. Independence from the British. Israel established its independence through violent means and the ethnic cleansing of Palestine. -
1948 Arab-Israeli war + Israel Declares Ceasefire
First Arab–Israeli War was fought between the State of Israel and a military coalition of Arab states immediately following the announcement of the independence of the state of Israel on May 14, 1948, which continued till March 1949. on Six days later on the 11th of June, Israel signed a ceasefire with Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Iraq and Lebanon when Arab casualties surpassed those of Israel. -
Founding of the UNRWA
The UNRWA is established through General Assembly Resolution 302 with the purpose of catering to the educational and health needs of Palestinian refugees throughout the Middle East -
Establishment of PLO (Palestine Liberation Organization)
-founded by Yasser Arafat, was the sole legitimate representative of the Palestinian people during the Arab Summit in 1974. The PLO represents Palestine at the UN, the Organization of the Islamic Conference and other forums.The PLO is the leader of the Palestinian national liberation movement striving to better the living standards of the Palestinians in sectors such as health, education and social services; to achieve equal opportunities for themin education, the workforce, resources and rights -
Period: to
1967 Six-Day War (Arab-Israeli War)
Second Arab–Israeli War was fought between June 5 and 10, 1967 by Israel and the Arab neighboring states of Egypt, Jordan, and Syria. Jordan occupied West Bank and East Jerusalem, Egypt occupied Gaza, Israel held the remaining Palestinian territory which included West Jerusalem. During the 1967 war, Israel managed to bring more than one million Palestinians under its direct violent control in the East Jerusalem, the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, Golan Heights and the Sinai Peninsula. -
Oslo Accord 1
Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) Negotiator Mahmoud Abbas signed the “Oslo Accord” at the White House in Washington, D.C.,wherein PLO renounced terrorism and recognized Israel’s right to exist in peace; and Israel accepted the PLO as the representative of the Palestinian people. The PNA was established and assumed governing responsibilities in the West Bank and the Gaza strip soon after. -
Establishment of Palestinian National Authority (PNA)
The PNA was established in 1994 as a result of the Oslo Accord. The authority’s main mission was to oversee Palestinian affairs in the Occupied Territories and functions as an agency of the PLO. This means the PNA can only maintain security and peace in rural areas with civilian forces. Their main role is to protect and ensure the human rights of Palestinians in OPT through improved security. -
Oslo Accord 2
The second agreement was signed in Cairo, Egypt. The accord detailed the division of the West Bank into individual areas under Israeli, Palestinian, and Israeli military responsibility with Palestinian civil administration. The agreement also included other bilateral issues calling for Israeli-Palestinian cooperation. -
Building of the West Bank Barrier
The State of Israel begins construction on the West Bank Barrier with the reason of security protection and to prevent the advancement of armed Palestinians entering Israel.The barriers were implemented to restrict the Palestinians’ fundamental human right to freedom of movement. 456 km (65%) of the projected 710 km long structure has been completed where 85% of the structure is built inside the West Bank. -
ICJ deems West Bank Barrier a Violation of International Law
The International Court of Justice issues its advisory opinion that the building of the West Bank barrier within the West Bank region is a violation of international law and affirms that the separation barrier must be removed. -
Israel’s Withdrawal from Gaza
Jewish settlements and military are withdrawn from Gaza under instruction from the Government of Israel. However, Israel still retains control over airspace and coasts including ports and border crossing in Gaza. -
Gaza attacks 2008
Violence in Gaza is extremely prominent; several large incidents include: 1,300 civilians killed when Israel sent soldiers into
Gaza in 2008, -
Bid for Recognition of the “State of Palestine”
The PNA launches a campaign requesting for the “State of Palestine” to be a member of the UN. The bid fails, but UNESCO accepts Palestine as member in October. -
Palestinian Territory becomes a Non-member Observer State
The UN upgrades Palestinian representation to become a non-member observer state to permit participation in General Assembly debates. This ultimately improves the chances of the State of Palestine joining UN agencies. -
50-Day Violence in Gaza (2014)
A second Gaza attack happened in 2012. But most recently, in July 2014, over 2,200 people were killed - majority of whom were Palestinians - during 50 days of violence. -
Human Rights Council Session
The UN Human Rights Council discusses human rights situation in Palestine and Occupied Palestinian Territories. The session presented several resolutions and reports addressing human rights and the violations committed in OPT.